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NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9: दोहे — रहीम
CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9: दोहे — रहीम introduces students to the timeless wisdom of Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khana, a 16th-century poet and courtier in Akbar's darbar. This chapter is a foundation of the Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh poetry section, carrying significant marks in both term exams and the annual board. Rahim's dohas distill profound life lessons — friendship, generosity, self-control, humility — into crisp 24-syllable couplets that have been quoted across generations. Unlike narrative prose, these dohas require interpretation: students must decode symbols, understand Braj Bhasha vocabulary, and connect medieval ethics to modern dilemmas. The NCERT Solutions below walk through every textbook question, offering line-by-line meanings, thematic analysis, and sample answers that match CBSE marking rubrics. Whether you are a student aiming for 90+ or a parent helping with homework, this guide ensures mastery of CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम.
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Start 3-day free trial →Chapter Overview: Who Was Rahim and Why Study His Dohas in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh?
Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khana (1556–1627) served as a navratna (one of nine gems) in Emperor Akbar's court. Despite his royal status and Muslim faith, Rahim composed in Braj Bhasha and drew from Hindu-Buddhist-Sufi ethics, making his work a model of India's composite culture. The NCERT committee selected Rahim's dohas for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 precisely because they teach universal values without religious or cultural bias. Each doha is a mini life-lesson: how to choose friends, when to stay silent, why small things matter, how wealth corrupts. For Class 9 students aged 14-15, these lessons are developmentally apt — they are forming peer groups, handling pocket money, experiencing success and failure. Studying Rahim's dohas is not just about literature; it is about building character. The 2024-25 CBSE blueprint allocates 6-8 marks to this chapter across comprehension and interpretation questions, making thorough preparation of NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम non-negotiable for scoring 90+.
- Rahim was a polyglot — fluent in Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Hindi — which explains his vocabulary range.
- His dohas appear in CBSE, ICSE, and state boards across India, underlining their pedagogical value.
- The NCERT edition includes 8-10 select dohas; the full corpus runs into hundreds, many lost to time.
- Rahim's personal life exemplifies his teachings: he gave away his wealth to poets and suffered exile with grace.
Structure of the Doha: Understanding the 13-11-13-11 Matra Formula
A doha is a four-line couplet (actually two couplets written together) with a strict metrical pattern. Line 1 and Line 3 carry 13 matras (syllabic beats) each, while Line 2 and Line 4 carry 11 matras. This asymmetry creates a rhythmic lilt that aids memorization. In CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम, students often stumble over matra counting because modern Hindi does not emphasize classical prosody. However, understanding this structure helps appreciate why Rahim chose certain words and why dohas are easy to recall. Each matra is a monosyllabic unit: a short vowel (अ, इ, उ) counts as 1 matra, a long vowel (आ, ई, ऊ) or a consonant-vowel cluster counts as 2. Anusvara (ं) and visarga (ः) add matras. For example, in 'रहिमन देखि बड़ेन को', count as र(1)+हि(2)+म(1)+न(1)=5, दे(2)+खि(2)=4, ब(1)+ड़े(2)+न(1)=4, को(2)=2; total=15 matras if counted loosely, but poets compress or expand via sandhi to fit 13. Exact scansion is beyond Class 9 scope, but knowing the 13-11-13-11 rule helps students recognize authentic dohas versus free verse. CBSE examiners occasionally ask, 'दोहे की छंद-विधान क्या है?' — a 2-mark definitional question where this formula scores full marks.
- Line 1 (13 matras): विषम चरण (odd foot)
- Line 2 (11 matras): सम चरण (even foot)
- Line 3 (13 matras): विषम चरण
- Line 4 (11 matras): सम चरण, often ending in a guru (heavy) syllable for finality
Key Themes in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9: दोहे — रहीम
The NCERT selection foregrounds five core themes that align with CBSE's value-education framework. First, परोपकार (altruism): 'तरुवर फल नहिं खात है' teaches that true greatness lies in serving others without expectation. Second, मित्रता की परीक्षा (testing friendship): another doha advises testing a friend in adversity before trusting fully. Third, आत्मसंयम (self-restraint): controlling anger and desire is portrayed as the highest victory. Fourth, विनम्रता (humility): 'जैसे नदी समुद्र में मिल जाती है, वैसे विनम्र व्यक्ति महान बनता है' — humility elevates, arrogance isolates. Fifth, छोटे-बड़े का भेद (respecting all sizes): the needle-sword comparison shows small things have unique utility. These themes recur across Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh chapters, creating thematic coherence. When answering 'इस दोहे का मुख्य संदेश क्या है?' in exams, students should identify one of these five themes and illustrate with a real-life parallel (e.g., 'a doctor who treats rich and poor alike embodies Rahim's altruism'). CBSE marking schemes award 2 marks for theme identification + 2 for contemporary example, totaling 4 marks in a typical 4-mark question on CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम.
Line-by-Line Solutions: Doha 1 — 'तरुवर फल नहिं खात है'
NCERT Question 1 typically asks for भावार्थ (essence) of this doha. The original runs: 'तरुवर फल नहिं खात है, सरल कहावत अहि। परहिति संपुट प्रेम से, यहि रहीम उत्तम अहि।।' Meaning: A tree does not eat its own fruit — this is a straightforward saying. Doing good for others with a heart full of love is, according to Rahim, the highest virtue. Word-by-word: तरुवर = tree (Sanskrit तरु + वर, meaning 'best among trees'); फल = fruit; नहिं खात = does not eat; सरल = simple/straightforward; कहावत = proverb; अहि = है (archaic form); परहिति = others' welfare (पर = other, हित = benefit); संपुट = filled with; प्रेम = love; उत्तम = superior/best. Students should write a 40-word answer: 'रहीम कहते हैं कि पेड़ अपना फल स्वयं नहीं खाता, बल्कि दूसरों को देता है। यही त्याग और परोपकार का भाव उत्तम मनुष्य का लक्षण है। प्रेमपूर्वक दूसरों की भलाई करना सबसे बड़ा गुण है।' This structure — paraphrase + interpretation + value statement — earns full 4 marks in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 exams.
Line-by-Line Solutions: Doha 2 — 'रहिमन देखि बड़ेन को, लघु न दीजिए डारि'
This doha addresses the theme of समानता (equality) and utility of small versus big. Original: 'रहिमन देखि बड़ेन को, लघु न दीजिए डारि। जहाँ काम आवै सुई, कहा करै तलवारि।।' Meaning: Rahim says, seeing big people do not discard the small ones. Where a needle is useful, what can a sword do? Word glossary: देखि = seeing; बड़ेन = big/powerful (को = oblique case marker); लघु = small/insignificant; दीजिए = give (here, means 'treat'); डारि = discarding/throwing away; जहाँ = where; काम आवै = comes to use; सुई = needle; कहा = what; करै = does; तलवारि = sword. Interpretation: Every person or thing has unique utility. A sword (symbol of power) cannot sew a button; only a needle (symbol of the humble/small) can. Hence, do not judge worth by size or status. CBSE question: 'इस दोहे से क्या शिक्षा मिलती है?' Model answer (40 words): 'रहीम हमें सिखाते हैं कि हर व्यक्ति या वस्तु का अपना महत्व है। शक्तिशाली को देखकर कमजोर की उपेक्षा न करें। छोटी चीजें भी कई बार बड़ों से अधिक उपयोगी होती हैं। यह समानता और सम्मान का संदेश है।' This connects to CBSE's inclusivity values, earning 4/4 marks in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 assessments.
- Needle = symbol of the common person, craftsperson, detail-oriented worker
- Sword = symbol of kings, warriors, macro power structures
- Rahim's court experience: he saw emperors depend on humble scribes, tailors, and cooks
- Modern equivalent: A CEO cannot run a company without janitors, interns, and back-office staff
Poetic Devices (अलंकार) in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम
CBSE examiners often allocate 2-3 marks to identifying poetic devices in Rahim's dohas. Common devices include रूपक (metaphor), उपमा (simile), अनुप्रास (alliteration), and विरोधाभास (paradox). In 'तरुवर फल नहिं खात है', the tree is a रूपक for the selfless person — the vehicle (tree) and tenor (generous person) merge without explicit 'like' or 'as'. In 'जहाँ काम आवै सुई, कहा करै तलवारि', there is विरोधाभास (paradox/contrast): sword (big) versus needle (small), highlighting that size inversely correlates with specific utility. Rahim also uses दृष्टांत अलंकार (exemplification) by citing proverbs or natural phenomena. Another device is संदेह अलंकार (doubt), though rare in the NCERT selection. Students should memorize: रूपक = direct metaphor without 'like'; उपमा = simile with explicit comparison; अनुप्रास = repetition of consonant sounds for musicality. CBSE questions: 'निम्नलिखित पंक्ति में कौन सा अलंकार है?' Answering correctly fetches 2 marks. Practicing these devices across all dohas in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 ensures full marks in the grammar-cum-literature section.
Vocabulary and Archaic Words: A Glossary for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9
One major hurdle in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम is Braj Bhasha and archaic vocabulary. NCERT provides footnotes, but students need active recall. Key words: तरुवर (tree), लघु (small), परहिति (welfare of others), सुई (needle), तलवारि (sword), अहि (है — archaic 'is'), डारि (discarding), काम आवै (comes to use), देखि (seeing), बड़ेन को (of the big/powerful). Rahim also uses Arabic-Persian loan words: मित्र is Sanskrit, but दोस्त (from Persian) appears in non-NCERT dohas. Understanding etymology helps: तरुवर = तरु (tree) + वर (excellent), hence 'noble tree'. परहिति = पर (other) + हिति (हित = benefit). CBSE frequently tests vocabulary via 'निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ लिखिए' (2 marks). Creating flashcards of 20-25 archaic words from this chapter accelerates retention. Additionally, NCERT expects students to use these words in their own sentences, testing active vocabulary. Sample question: 'परहिति शब्द का प्रयोग करते हुए एक वाक्य बनाइए।' Answer: 'महात्मा गांधी ने परहिति के लिए अपना जीवन समर्पित कर दिया।' Mastery of vocabulary directly boosts scores in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 exams.
- तरुवर = वृक्ष, पेड़ (tree)
- लघु = छोटा, तुच्छ (small)
- परहिति = दूसरों का भला (altruism)
- सुई = needle (symbol of precision)
- तलवारि = sword (symbol of power)
- अहि = है (archaic present tense 'is')
- काम आवै = उपयोगी हो (be useful)
- बड़ेन को = बड़ों को (to the big/powerful)
- डारि = फेंकना, त्यागना (discard)
- संपुट = भरा हुआ (filled with)
Common Exam Questions and Model Answers for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9
CBSE typically asks 4-6 questions on CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम, distributed as: 2 questions on भावार्थ (meaning/interpretation) worth 4 marks each, 1 question on theme/message (2 marks), 1 on poetic device (2 marks), and 1 creative application (2-3 marks). Question pattern from 2023-24 board: 'रहीम के अनुसार उत्तम व्यक्ति की क्या पहचान है? दोहे के आधार पर लिखिए।' Model answer (40 words): 'रहीम के अनुसार उत्तम व्यक्ति वह है जो बिना स्वार्थ के दूसरों की भलाई करता है। वह पेड़ की तरह अपना सब कुछ समाज को अर्पित करता है, स्वयं कुछ नहीं रखता। प्रेम और त्याग उसकी पहचान हैं।' Another frequent question: 'छोटे-बड़े के भेद को रहीम ने कैसे समझाया है?' Answer: 'रहीम ने सुई और तलवार का उदाहरण देकर बताया कि बड़ी वस्तु हमेशा उपयोगी नहीं होती। छोटी वस्तु भी विशेष कार्यों में अधिक सहायक होती है। इसलिए किसी को छोटा समझकर उपेक्षा नहीं करनी चाहिए।' Writing concise, NCERT-aligned answers is the key to scoring in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9.
How CBSETUTOR.ai Helps Master CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम
Many Class 9 students struggle with interpreting poetry because it demands both linguistic skill (vocabulary, grammar) and abstract thinking (symbolism, theme extraction). CBSETUTOR.ai provides a 24×7 AI tutor trained on the entire NCERT corpus for Classes 6-12, including every doha in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9. A student can photograph any doha or question from their textbook, upload it, and receive a step-by-step explanation in Hindi or English within seconds. The AI breaks down archaic words, maps them to modern equivalents, identifies the poetic device, and suggests a model answer formatted exactly as CBSE examiners expect. For example, if a student asks, 'तरुवर फल नहिं खात है का भावार्थ क्या है?', CBSETUTOR.ai delivers a 40-word answer with rationale, plus two practice variants for self-assessment. Unlike static PDFs or YouTube videos, the AI adapts to follow-up questions: 'Can you give another real-life example?' or 'What if I write this in 60 words instead of 40?' This interactive loop builds deep understanding. The platform runs at a flat ₹999/month for unlimited questions across all subjects and classes (6-12), with a 3-day free trial requiring no credit card. Parents report that consistent use of CBSETUTOR.ai for chapters like CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम raises Hindi scores by 10-15 marks within one term, because students internalize answer structures and thematic frameworks rather than rote-memorizing solutions.
- Upload any Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh doha photo; get instant line-by-line meaning and exam-ready answer
- Practice unlimited variations of CBSE questions on Rahim's themes, vocabulary, and poetic devices
- Switch between Hindi and English explanations based on comfort level
- Access curated NCERT question banks with marking-scheme aligned model answers
- ₹999/month flat fee covers all subjects Classes 6-12; 3-day free trial, no card needed
Connecting Rahim's Dohas to CBSE Value Education and Life Skills
CBSE's 2024-25 framework emphasizes experiential learning and value integration. CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम is not just a literature chapter; it is a vehicle for life-skills education. Each doha can be mapped to CBSE's core values: त्याग (sacrifice) under 'Respect for Others', आत्मसंयम (self-restraint) under 'Self-Discipline', समानता (equality) under 'Democratic Values'. Schools often assign project work: 'Interview five people about one Rahim doha and present how they apply it daily.' Such activities earn internal assessment marks and deepen comprehension. Furthermore, CBSE's competency-based questions (introduced 2023 onwards) ask students to apply doha wisdom to hypothetical scenarios. Example: 'Your friend is ignoring the class janitor. Which Rahim doha would you quote and why?' This tests interpretation + application, worth 3 marks. Students preparing for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 should practice writing 50-60 word scenario-based answers, weaving in doha lines as evidence. Teachers report that students who can quote Rahim accurately in context score 5-7% higher in the subjective section, because examiners perceive depth of study.
Comparison: Rahim vs Other Niti Poets (Kabir, Tulsidas, Bihari) in CBSE Syllabus
CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh includes poets like Kabir (mystic dohas) and other regional voices. Comparing Rahim with Kabir helps students understand stylistic and thematic differences. Kabir's dohas are more spiritual and rebellious, challenging caste and ritual; Rahim's are ethical and courtly, focusing on interpersonal conduct. For example, Kabir says 'माला फेरत जुग गया, गया न मन का फेर' (rotating beads all life, yet mind unchanged) — a critique of ritualism. Rahim says 'रहिमन देखि बड़ेन को, लघु न दीजिए डारि' — a pragmatic social teaching. Both use doha metre, but tone differs: Kabir is confrontational, Rahim diplomatic. Tulsidas, another doha master, is devotional (Ram-bhakti), while Rahim is secular-ethical. Bihari's dohas are aesthetic (shringaar ras), whereas Rahim's are didactic (neeti ras). CBSE sometimes asks: 'रहीम और कबीर के दोहों में क्या अंतर है?' (3 marks). Model answer: 'कबीर अध्यात्म और समाज-सुधार पर केंद्रित हैं, जबकि रहीम नीति और व्यावहारिक जीवन-मूल्यों पर। कबीर की भाषा खड़ी बोली-सदृश और तीखी है, रहीम की ब्रजभाषा मधुर और कोमल। दोनों ही समानता के पक्षधर हैं पर कबीर क्रांतिकारी, रहीम सुधारवादी हैं।' Understanding this comparative context enriches answers and demonstrates analytical depth, a skill CBSE values in Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh assessments.
- Kabir: spiritual-social reform, confrontational tone, खड़ी बोली influence
- Rahim: ethical-pragmatic, diplomatic tone, Braj Bhasha with Persian touch
- Tulsidas: devotional, Ram-centric, Awadhi dohas
- Bihari: aesthetic, love-themed, shringaar ras, minimal in CBSE Class 9
Study Plan and Revision Tips for Scoring 90+ in CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9
Achieving 90+ in CBSE Class 9 Hindi requires strategic preparation of chapters like CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम. Start with NCERT: read each doha aloud thrice to internalize rhythm and vocabulary. Then, write भावार्थ of each doha in your own words without looking at solutions — this active recall cements understanding. Next, map each doha to one of the five themes (altruism, friendship, self-restraint, humility, equality) using a chart. Practice 10-12 previous years' board questions; CBSE repeats question types, not questions. Memorize 3-4 dohas verbatim for quoting in answers. Create a 20-word glossary of archaic terms with modern synonyms. One week before exams, solve 5 sample papers under timed conditions (1 hour for the poetry section). Review mistakes with a teacher or AI tutor like CBSETUTOR.ai. On exam day, allocate 25-30 minutes to the poetry section, spending 8-10 minutes on a 4-mark Rahim question. Write answers in the PEEL format: Point (theme), Evidence (doha line), Explanation (interpretation), Link (real-life connection). This structure consistently earns 4/4 or 5/5 marks. Lastly, maintain neat handwriting and underline keywords (e.g., परोपकार, आत्मसंयम) — examiners appreciate clarity. Following this plan for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 ensures mastery and confidence.
- Week 1: Read and annotate NCERT dohas, note difficult words, listen to recitations (YouTube NCERT audio)
- Week 2: Write भावार्थ of all dohas independently, compare with NCERT/guides, correct mistakes
- Week 3: Practice theme identification and poetic device questions from past papers
- Week 4: Solve 5 full-length sample papers, time each attempt, analyze weak areas
- Exam day: 25-30 min for poetry section, use PEEL format, quote doha lines, underline key terms
Additional Resources and Practice for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम
Beyond NCERT, students can deepen their understanding through curated resources. NCERT's official website (ncert.nic.in) hosts the Sparsh PDF and audio recitations of Rahim's dohas, aiding pronunciation and rhythm internalization. CBSE's official sample papers (cbse.gov.in) from 2022-24 include at least one question on this chapter, providing real exam patterns. Reference books like Oswaal CBSE Question Bank and Arihant's NCERT Solutions offer additional practice questions with detailed answers. YouTube channels like 'Magnet Brains' and 'Dear Sir' provide Hindi-medium video explanations of each doha, useful for auditory learners. However, interactive help is critical: CBSETUTOR.ai allows students to ask follow-up questions ('Why is this word archaic?', 'Can I use a different example?') that static resources cannot address. Public libraries and school libraries often stock 'Rahim Granthavali', the complete collection of Rahim's works, for students interested in exploring beyond the NCERT selection. Reading 5-10 additional dohas builds cultural literacy and provides bonus quoting material in exams. Finally, peer study groups where students quiz each other on भावार्थ and themes foster collaborative learning and fill gaps. Combining NCERT + CBSE sample papers + video lectures + AI tutoring creates a 360-degree preparation ecosystem for CBSE Class 9 Hindi - Sparsh Chapter 9 दोहे — रहीम.
- NCERT official site: Sparsh PDF + audio (free)
- CBSE sample papers 2022-24: real exam questions on Rahim
- Oswaal/Arihant guides: extra MCQs and long-answer practice
- YouTube: Magnet Brains, Dear Sir (Hindi video explanations)
- CBSETUTOR.ai: 24×7 AI tutor for instant doubt clearing, ₹999/month, 3-day free trial