CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit — Ruchira Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् — 20 MCQs with Answers

शब्दरूप tests your ability to recall the correct form of a noun across eight विभक्ति (cases) and three वचन (numbers). The NCERT Ruchira curriculum emphasises common stems like बालक (masculine), बालिका (feminine) and फल (neuter). Class 7 typically introduces प्रथमा through सप्तमी विभक्ति, with षष्ठी and सप्तमी carrying higher error rates among students. Board exam MCQs often present a sentence with a blank and ask which विभक्ति form fits. Recognising the विभक्ति विभागा — subject takes प्रथमा, object takes द्वितीया, instrument takes तृतीया and so on — is the key skill. Below are four MCQs covering masculine, feminine and neuter stems, mixing straightforward recall with application in context.

धातुरूप covers conjugation of verb roots (धातु) across tenses (काल) and persons (पुरुष). The NCERT Ruchira syllabus for Class 7 focuses on लट् लकार (present tense), लृट् लकार (simple future) and लङ् लकार (past tense, introduced in later chapters). Common roots are भू (to be), गम् (to go), पठ् (to read), लिख् (to write), and खेल् (to play). Each root conjugates into nine forms: तीन पुरुष × तीन वचन. Board papers often test whether a student can identify the correct conjugation given a subject or vice versa. For instance, 'ते पठन्ति' requires recognizing प्रथम पुरुष बहुवचनम्. Below are four MCQs mixing identification, completion and error-spotting tasks.

सन्धि is the coalescence of adjacent sounds when two words meet in continuous speech. Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् revises three major types: स्वर सन्धि (vowel sandhi), व्यञ्जन सन्धि (consonant sandhi) and विसर्ग सन्धि (visarga sandhi). CBSE Class 7 focuses on common rules — अ + अ = आ (दीर्घ सन्धि), अ + इ = ए (गुण सन्धि), त् + च = च्च (व्यञ्जन सन्धि) and सः + अपि = सोऽपि (विसर्ग सन्धि). MCQs test both formation (combine two words) and splitting (विच्छेद). Recognising the सन्धि rule applied is equally important. A typical question might give 'महा + ऋषिः' and ask for the correct सन्धि form (महर्षिः, using वृद्धि सन्धि). Below are four MCQs covering स्वर, व्यञ्जन and विसर्ग सन्धि variants to build exam confidence.

वाक्य रचना tests correct word order, agreement (लिङ्ग, वचन, पुरुष), use of indeclinables (अव्यय) and समास recognition. Sanskrit follows a relatively free word order, but the standard pattern is कर्ता–कर्म–क्रिया (subject–object–verb). Class 7 students must also recognise common अव्यय like सह, विना, इति, एव, च, वा. MCQs often present jumbled words and ask for the grammatically correct sentence, or give a sentence with an error and ask which word is wrong. Another popular format is choosing the correct अव्यय to complete a sentence. CBSE papers from 2023 onwards included 2–3 such MCQs worth 1 mark each. Below are four MCQs covering word order, अव्यय usage, agreement and समास identification to round out grammar practice comprehensively.

Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and application MCQs integrate two or more grammar concepts or require reasoning. For example, an MCQ may present a sentence with a सन्धि error and a विभक्ति error, asking which is incorrect. Or it may give a verb form and ask both the धातु and the लकार. CBSE encourages such integrated questions to test deeper understanding rather than rote recall. Assertion-Reason (A-R) format MCQs are also common: Assertion (A) states a grammatical rule; Reason (R) gives an example or explanation, and you choose whether both are true and R correctly explains A. Class 7 Sanskrit papers from 2024 included at least one A-R question. Below are four mixed-concept MCQs and one A-R question to prepare students for the toughest items on the exam.

Students often confuse विभक्ति endings, especially in feminine and neuter stems. For example, बालिका (feminine) in सप्तमी एकवचनम् is बालिकायाम्, but students write बालिकाया (which is षष्ठी). Another frequent error is mixing up लकार forms — writing लृट् लकार (future) conjugation when the sentence context demands लट् लकार (present). In सन्धि MCQs, students forget to apply vowel changes correctly: 'सः + अपि' should become 'सोऽपि' (विसर्ग सन्धि), but learners write 'सः अपि' unchanged. समास identification is tricky because तत्पुरुष, कर्मधारय and बहुव्रीहि can look similar on the surface; the key is to parse the underlying relationship (षष्ठी, विशेषण-विशेष्य, or बहिर्वचन). Finally, in वाक्य रचना, ignoring the अव्यय 'सह' (which mandates तृतीया विभक्ति) leads to wrong case usage. Reviewing these pitfalls before the exam can save 2–3 marks.

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CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit papers typically allocate 8–10 marks to MCQs (out of 80 total), distributed across grammar, comprehension and literature. For व्याकरणम् MCQs, adopt a three-pass strategy. First pass (2 minutes): skim all MCQs and mark the ones you can answer instantly — usually direct शब्दरूप or धातुरूप recall questions. Second pass (5 minutes): tackle सन्धि and वाक्य रचना MCQs that require one logical step (e.g. split or combine, then match to options). Third pass (3 minutes): attempt HOTS and A-R questions, using elimination to narrow choices. Always eliminate options with obvious errors first (wrong gender, wrong वचन). For सन्धि MCQs, apply the rule mentally before looking at options to avoid getting swayed by plausible-looking wrong answers. In assertion-reason items, verify the truth of A and R separately, then check if R explains A. Time management is critical: spend no more than 40–50 seconds per MCQ. If stuck, make an educated guess (CBSE does not have negative marking) and move on. Review flagged questions if time permits after completing the entire paper.