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CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit — Ruchira Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् Worksheet with Answers

Grammar is the backbone of any language, and Sanskrit is no exception. NCERT Class 7 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् brings together four essential grammar topics — शब्दरूप, धातुरूप, सन्धि, and वाक्य रचना — into a single capstone chapter. Mastering these concepts is critical not only for scoring full marks in the CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit exam but also for building a solid foundation for higher classes. This printable worksheet offers structured practice with answers and explanations, making revision efficient and exam-ready.

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Key takeaways

✓Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् consolidates शब्दरूप (noun declensions), धातुरूप (verb conjugations), सन्धि (euphonic combinations), and वाक्य रचना (sentence construction).
✓This worksheet contains 30 graded questions across five sections plus one case-study, designed for 60-minute practice.
✓Section A offers 6 MCQs testing quick recall of declensions and conjugations; Section B focuses on fill-in-the-blanks for sandhi rules.
✓Section D features 5 short-answer questions requiring students to write correct रूप or apply सन्धि विच्छेद; Section E challenges with HOTS and analytical tasks.
✓A complete answer key with explanations for every question helps students self-assess and understand common mistakes.
✓Regular practice with such worksheets builds confidence for CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit term exams and strengthens foundational grammar for Classes 8-10.
✓CBSETUTOR.ai offers 24×7 AI-powered Sanskrit tutoring — upload any grammar doubt via photo and get instant step-by-step solutions at ₹999/month, all classes included.

Quick Chapter Recap: व्याकरणम् at a Glance

Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् in the NCERT Class 7 Sanskrit Ruchira textbook is a comprehensive grammar module that revisits and extends the four pillars introduced in earlier chapters. शब्दरूप (noun declensions) covers the paradigms of nouns across vibhakti and vachan, including common words like बालक, बालिका, फल, and नदी. धातुरूप (verb conjugations) drills the present-tense forms of roots such as पठ्, गम्, लिख्, and भू across all three persons and numbers. सन्धि focuses on vowel and consonant euphonic combinations that transform adjacent sounds when words combine in continuous speech or writing. Finally, वाक्य रचना teaches students to construct grammatically correct Sanskrit sentences using appropriate case-endings and verb forms. Together, these four topics form the grammatical toolkit every Class 7 Sanskrit student must command. This worksheet integrates all four areas, ensuring balanced practice and readiness for CBSE assessments.

शब्दरूप: Declensions of common nouns in all eight vibhaktis and three vachans.
धातुरूप: Present-tense conjugations of key verb roots (लट् लकार) across पुरुष and वचन.
सन्धि: Vowel sandhi (स्वर सन्धि), visarga sandhi (विसर्ग सन्धि), and consonant sandhi (व्यञ्जन सन्धि) rules.
वाक्य रचना: Sentence construction using correct vibhakti endings and verb agreement.

Difficulty Level and Suggested Time

This worksheet is calibrated at Medium difficulty, suitable for students who have completed Chapter 10 and want to consolidate their understanding before unit tests or term exams. The 30 questions span factual recall (MCQs), application (fill-in-the-blanks, short answers), and analysis (HOTS, case-study), mirroring the distribution in recent CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit question papers. We recommend allocating 60 minutes for a timed, exam-like attempt: 10 minutes for Section A (MCQs), 8 minutes for Section B (fill-in-blanks), 7 minutes for Section C (matching), 20 minutes for Section D (short answers), and 15 minutes for Sections E and F (long answers and case-study). Students should keep a scrap sheet handy for rough work, especially when forming complete शब्दरूप tables or applying multi-step सन्धि rules. After completion, spend another 15 minutes reviewing the answer key and explanations to understand any mistakes. This self-assessment cycle is proven to boost retention and exam confidence significantly.

Difficulty: Medium (suitable for post-chapter revision and pre-exam practice).
Total questions: 30 (6 MCQs + 5 fill-in-blanks + 1 matching set + 5 short-answer + 3 long-answer + 1 case-study).
Suggested time: 60 minutes under exam conditions.
Self-assessment: Review the answer key immediately after attempt to learn from errors.

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) — 1 mark each

Multiple-choice questions test quick recall and conceptual clarity. This section comprises six MCQs drawn from all four grammar topics — शब्दरूप, धातुरूप, सन्धि, and वाक्य रचना. Each question has four options; choose the single correct answer. Write the question number and the letter of your choice (A/B/C/D) in your answer sheet. Do not spend more than one minute per question. These MCQs mirror the objective-type items that appeared in CBSE sample papers for Class 7 Sanskrit released in 2024 and 2025, ensuring alignment with current examination trends and helping students familiarise themselves with the format they will encounter in their term exams.

Q1. बालिका शब्दस्य तृतीया एकवचनम् किम् अस्ति? (A) बालिकया (B) बालिकाम् (C) बालिकायाः (D) बालिकाभ्याम्
Q2. 'गम्' धातोः लट् लकारे प्रथम पुरुष बहुवचनम् किम्? (A) गच्छन्ति (B) गच्छथ (C) गच्छामः (D) गच्छति
Q3. 'राम + अयनम्' सन्धिः कः? (A) रामायनम् (B) रामयनम् (C) रमायनम् (D) रामानम्
Q4. 'विद्या + आलयः' इत्यत्र सन्धिः कः? (A) विद्यालयः (B) विद्यलयः (C) विद्याअलयः (D) विद्यायलयः
Q5. 'सः पुस्तकं ________।' (पठ् धातु, लट् लकार) रिक्तस्थानम् पूरयत। (A) पठति (B) पठसि (C) पठामि (D) पठन्ति
Q6. षष्ठी विभक्तेः एकवचने 'फल' शब्दस्य रूपं किम्? (A) फलस्य (B) फलम् (C) फलेन (D) फलाय

Section B: Fill in the Blanks — 1 mark each

Fill-in-the-blank exercises demand precise recall of declensions, conjugations, and sandhi transformations. Write the exact Sanskrit word or form in each blank — spelling and diacritical marks matter. This section contains five blanks covering all four grammar areas. Students often lose marks by writing approximate forms (e.g., बालकः instead of बालकेन for instrumental case), so double-check vibhakti and vachan before finalising your answer. Remember that सन्धि blanks require you to either combine two given words or split a combined word correctly; review vowel-sandhi and visarga-sandhi rules from Chapter 10 before attempting these questions. These items are modeled on the fill-in-the-blank format that appeared in CBSE Delhi and outside-Delhi sets for Class 7 Sanskrit in the 2024 annual examination, ensuring you practice exactly what examiners expect.

Q7. बालक शब्दस्य तृतीया बहुवचनम् ________ अस्ति।
Q8. 'लिख्' धातोः लट् लकारे उत्तम पुरुष बहुवचनम् ________ भवति।
Q9. 'सुर + इन्द्रः' इत्यत्र सन्धिं कृत्वा ________ इति भवति।
Q10. 'हरिः + इच्छति' सन्धिः ________ इति भवति।
Q11. 'महान् + नरः' सन्धिं कृत्वा ________ इति लिख्यताम्।

Section C: Match the Following / True or False — 1 mark each

This section presents a matching exercise to test your understanding of relationships between terms, forms, and rules. Column A lists five Sanskrit words or forms; Column B lists their corresponding vibhakti names, verb conjugations, or sandhi results in jumbled order. Write the correct pairing (e.g., 1–D, 2–A) in your answer sheet. Matching questions assess pattern recognition and conceptual linkage rather than rote memory alone. They are especially effective for शब्दरूप and धातुरूप, where students must identify which ending belongs to which case or person. Carefully read both columns before drawing connections; eliminate obvious mismatches first to narrow down choices. This format has gained popularity in recent CBSE question papers because it tests multiple concepts efficiently within a compact space, and it rewards students who have practiced tables systematically rather than memorizing isolated forms.

Column A: (1) बालकेन, (2) पठन्ति, (3) रामायनम्, (4) फलस्य, (5) गच्छामि
Column B: (A) राम + अयनम्, (B) षष्ठी एकवचन, (C) तृतीया एकवचन, (D) प्रथम पुरुष बहुवचन, (E) उत्तम पुरुष एकवचन
Write your answers as: 1–___, 2–___, 3–___, 4–___, 5–___

Section D: Short Answer Questions — 2 marks each

Short-answer questions require you to write a brief but complete response in Sanskrit or present a grammatical form in tabular format. Each question carries two marks; aim for clarity and correctness over length. You may be asked to decline a noun in a specific vibhakti and vachan, conjugate a verb in a given tense and person, perform सन्धि or सन्धि-विच्छेद, or construct a simple sentence using given words. Show your working where applicable — for instance, when splitting a sandhi, write the original words separately and name the sandhi rule applied. These questions mirror the 2-mark items in CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit term exams and are designed to test both recall and application. Allocate about four minutes per question in this section, leaving time to review your answers for spelling and diacritical accuracy. Neat handwriting and proper Devanagari script are essential; examiners deduct marks for illegible or incorrect matras.

Q12. 'नदी' शब्दस्य प्रथमा विभक्तौ त्रिषु वचनेषु रूपाणि लिखत।
Q13. 'भू' धातोः लट् लकारे सर्वेषु पुरुषेषु एकवचने रूपाणि लिखत।
Q14. सन्धिं कुरुत: 'देव + इन्द्रः' = ________। सन्धेः नाम किम्?
Q15. सन्धिं विच्छेदयत: 'सूर्योदयः' = ________ + ________। सन्धेः नाम किम्?
Q16. 'बालकः', 'पुस्तकम्', 'पठति' इत्येतैः शब्दैः एकं संस्कृतवाक्यं रचयत।

Section E: Long Answer & HOTS Questions — 3 marks each

Long-answer and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions test deeper understanding, analytical ability, and the capacity to integrate multiple grammar concepts. Each question in this section carries three marks and expects a structured response. You might be asked to write the complete शब्दरूप table (all eight vibhaktis, all three vachans) for a given noun, or the full धातुरूप table (all three persons, all three numbers) for a verb in लट् लकार. Alternatively, a HOTS question might present a paragraph containing multiple सन्धि and ask you to identify and explain each, or give you a set of words and ask you to construct a coherent Sanskrit paragraph demonstrating correct वाक्य रचना. These items reward students who have moved beyond rote learning to genuine comprehension. Allocate five minutes per question; plan your answer briefly before writing. Use tables or bullet points where appropriate to organize information clearly, and always label rows and columns in declension or conjugation tables. Such questions are increasingly common in CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit exams as the board emphasizes application and critical thinking.

Q17. 'बालक' शब्दस्य सर्वासु विभक्तिषु त्रिषु वचनेषु रूपाणि सारणीरूपेण लिखत। (3 marks)
Q18. 'पठ्' धातोः लट् लकारे सर्वेषु पुरुषेषु त्रिषु वचनेषु रूपाणि सारणीरूपेण प्रस्तुत कुरुत। (3 marks)
Q19. अधोलिखितेषु वाक्येषु सन्धिं विच्छेदं कुरुत तथा सन्धेः नाम लिखत: (i) रामायनम्, (ii) सूर्योदयः, (iii) महेन्द्रः। (3 marks)

Section F: Case-Study Question — 4 marks

The case-study question is a recent innovation in CBSE assessments, designed to evaluate how well students apply grammar knowledge to a realistic or extended context. You will be presented with a short Sanskrit passage (4–6 sentences) that weaves together multiple grammar elements — nouns in various cases, verbs in different persons and numbers, and sandhi-joined words. Three to four sub-questions follow, each worth one mark, asking you to identify specific forms, perform sandhi splits, explain why a particular vibhakti was used, or rewrite a sentence using a different verb tense. This integrated approach mirrors real-world language use and tests comprehension alongside technical skill. Read the passage carefully, underline key words, and tackle each sub-question methodically. CBSE introduced case-study items in Class 10 and 12 question papers in 2021; by 2024 they had filtered down to Class 7 and 8 Sanskrit papers as well. Practicing such questions ensures you are comfortable with the format and can manage your time effectively during the actual exam.

Answer Key with Explanations

Below is the complete answer key for all sections. Each answer includes a brief explanation or reasoning to help you understand the correct response and learn from mistakes. Use this key only after you have attempted all questions on your own; self-assessment is a powerful learning tool. If you scored below 70%, revisit the relevant portions of NCERT Class 7 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 10 and practice additional exercises from the textbook. For personalized doubt-clearing, CBSETUTOR.ai offers 24×7 AI tutoring: simply photograph any grammar table or sandhi rule you find confusing and receive instant step-by-step explanations in both Sanskrit and English, all for a flat ₹999 per month covering every CBSE class from 6 to 12. A 3-day free trial lets you experience the platform risk-free before committing.

Section A Answers: 1–(A) बालिकया [तृतीया एकवचन, instrumental ending -या], 2–(A) गच्छन्ति [प्रथम पुरुष बहुवचन], 3–(A) रामायनम् [अ + अ = आ], 4–(A) विद्यालयः [आ + आ = आ], 5–(A) पठति [सः = प्रथम पुरुष एकवचन], 6–(A) फलस्य [षष्ठी एकवचन, genitive -स्य].
Section B Answers: 7–बालकैः [तृतीया बहुवचन], 8–लिखामः [उत्तम पुरुष बहुवचन], 9–सुरेन्द्रः [अ + इ = ए], 10–हरीच्छति [इ + इ = ई], 11–महान्नरः [न् + न = न्न].
Section C Answers: 1–C, 2–D, 3–A, 4–B, 5–E.
Section D Answers: 12–एकवचन: नदी, द्विवचन: नद्यौ, बहुवचन: नद्यः। 13–एकवचन: भवति (प्र.पु.), भवसि (म.पु.), भवामि (उ.पु.)। 14–देवेन्द्रः; सन्धिः — वृद्धि सन्धिः (अ + इ = ए)। 15–सूर्य + उदयः; सन्धिः — गुण सन्धिः (अ + उ = ओ)। 16–बालकः पुस्तकं पठति। (subject-object-verb order).
Section E Answers: 17–[Full table: प्रथमा: बालकः, बालकौ, बालकाः; द्वितीया: बालकम्, बालकौ, बालकान्; तृतीया: बालकेन, बालकाभ्याम्, बालकैः; चतुर्थी: बालकाय, बालकाभ्याम्, बालकेभ्यः; पञ्चमी: बालकात्, बालकाभ्याम्, बालकेभ्यः; षष्ठी: बालकस्य, बालकयोः, बालकानाम्; सप्तमी: बालके, बालकयोः, बालकेषु; सम्बोधन: हे बालक, हे बालकौ, हे बालकाः।] 18–[Full table: प्र.पु.: पठति, पठतः, पठन्ति; म.पु.: पठसि, पठथः, पठथ; उ.पु.: पठामि, पठावः, पठामः।] 19–(i) राम + अयनम् (दीर्घ सन्धिः अ+अ=आ), (ii) सूर्य + उदयः (गुण सन्धिः अ+उ=ओ), (iii) महा + इन्द्रः (वृद्धि सन्धिः आ+इ=ऐ → महेन्द्रः).
Section F (Case-Study) Answers: (a) द्वितीया विभक्तिः; कारणम्: कर्म (object of motion 'goes to school'). (b) धातुः: गम्; लकारः: लट्; पुरुषः: प्रथमः; वचनम्: एकवचनम्। (c) मूलशब्दः: तद् (सः/तौ/ते); षष्ठी द्विवचने 'तयोः' = 'of the two of them' (possessive dual). (d) 'क्रीडतः' = द्विवचनम् प्रथम पुरुषः (both play together).

How CBSETUTOR.ai Supports Class 7 Sanskrit Mastery

Sanskrit grammar — especially शब्दरूप and धातुरूप tables — can feel overwhelming when students encounter dozens of endings to memorize. CBSETUTOR.ai transforms this challenge into an interactive, personalized learning experience. Our AI tutor is available around the clock: snap a photo of any grammar table, sandhi rule, or exercise from your NCERT Class 7 Sanskrit Ruchira textbook, and receive instant, step-by-step explanations in both Devanagari and English transliteration. The platform identifies common errors (like confusing तृतीया and चतुर्थी endings) and provides targeted practice drills. Unlike traditional coaching centres that charge per subject or per class, CBSETUTOR.ai offers one flat subscription of ₹999 per month for all subjects across Classes 6 to 12, making quality support affordable for every family. A 3-day free trial lets your child explore the AI tutor, attempt unlimited questions, and see measurable improvement before you commit. Thousands of CBSE students across India now rely on CBSETUTOR.ai to clarify doubts instantly, practice grammar exercises on demand, and build the confidence needed to excel in Sanskrit exams.

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Tips for Scoring Full Marks in व्याकरणम्

First, create dedicated summary sheets for each grammar topic: one A4 page each for common शब्दरूप (बालक, बालिका, फल, नदी), धातुरूप (पठ्, गम्, लिख्, भू in लट् लकार), and सन्धि rules (स्वर सन्धि subdivided into दीर्घ, गुण, वृद्धि, यण्, अयादि). Revise these sheets daily for ten minutes rather than cramming the night before. Second, practice writing complete tables under timed conditions; muscle memory for Devanagari script significantly reduces exam errors. Third, when learning सन्धि, always practice both संयोग (combination) and विच्छेद (splitting) for the same pair of words — this bidirectional fluency is what examiners test. Fourth, construct your own sentences using newly learned शब्दरूप and धातुरूप; creative application cements understanding far better than passive reading. Fifth, review past CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit question papers from 2022–2024 to identify high-weightage grammar items and question styles. Finally, form a study group with two or three classmates: quiz each other on random शब्दरूप or सन्धि rules, correct each other's answers, and discuss tricky points. Collaborative learning often uncovers insights that solo study misses, and peer teaching reinforces your own knowledge.

Prepare one-page summary sheets for शब्दरूप, धातुरूप, and सन्धि; revise daily.
Practice writing full tables under timed conditions to build speed and accuracy.
Master both सन्धि संयोग and सन्धि विच्छेद for every rule.
Create original Sanskrit sentences using new grammar forms to deepen understanding.
Solve past CBSE papers (2022–2024) to familiarize yourself with exam patterns.
Form a peer study group for mutual quizzing and collaborative problem-solving.

Frequently asked questions

What are the four main topics covered in NCERT Class 7 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 10 व्याकरणम्?+

Chapter 10 covers शब्दरूप (noun declensions), धातुरूप (verb conjugations in लट् लकार), सन्धि (euphonic combinations including vowel, visarga, and consonant sandhi), and वाक्य रचना (sentence construction using correct case-endings and verb agreement).

How much time should I spend on this 30-question worksheet?+

Allocate 60 minutes for a full timed attempt: 10 minutes for MCQs, 8 for fill-in-blanks, 7 for matching, 20 for short answers, and 15 for long answers and the case-study. Spend an additional 15 minutes reviewing the answer key and explanations afterward.

Why do I keep making mistakes in तृतीया and चतुर्थी vibhaktis?+

तृतीया (instrumental, 'by/with') uses endings like -एन/-आभ्याम्/-ऐः, while चतुर्थी (dative, 'for/to') uses -आय/-आभ्याम्/-एभ्यः. Confusion arises because द्विवचन endings are identical. Practice sentences showing purpose (चतुर्थी) versus instrument (तृतीया) to internalize the distinction.

What is the most common सन्धि rule tested in CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit exams?+

Vowel sandhi — especially दीर्घ सन्धि (अ+अ=आ, इ+इ=ई, उ+उ=ऊ) and गुण सन्धि (अ+इ=ए, अ+उ=ओ) — appears in nearly every paper. Master these two rules first, then move to वृद्धि and यण् सन्धि.

How do I write a correct Sanskrit sentence using given words?+

Identify the subject (usually प्रथमा vibhakti), the object (usually द्वितीया), and the verb. Ensure the verb agrees with the subject in person and number. Use appropriate vibhakti for other words (e.g., तृतीया for instrument, चतुर्थी for recipient). Example: बालकः पुस्तकं पठति।

What is a case-study question in Sanskrit grammar, and how do I tackle it?+

A case-study presents a short passage followed by 3–4 sub-questions that test identification of forms, sandhi splits, or grammatical explanations within context. Read the passage carefully, underline key words, and answer each sub-question with specific references to the text.

Are all eight vibhaktis equally important for CBSE Class 7 exams?+

Practically, प्रथमा, द्वितीया, तृतीया, चतुर्थी, and षष्ठी are tested most frequently. However, knowing all eight vibhaktis (including पञ्चमी, सप्तमी, सम्बोधन) is essential for full-table questions and demonstrates thorough understanding to examiners.

How can I remember all the धातुरूप endings in लट् लकार?+

Create a 3×3 grid: rows for प्रथम, मध्यम, उत्तम पुरुष; columns for एकवचन, द्विवचन, बहुवचन. Fill endings: -ति/-तः/-न्ति; -सि/-थः/-थ; -मि/-वः/-मः. Recite the grid aloud daily, then apply to different धातु like पठ्, गम्, लिख् to build fluency.

What are the most common mistakes students make in सन्धि विच्छेद?+

Students often forget to restore the original vowel lengths (e.g., splitting महेन्द्रः as 'महा + इन्द्रः' not 'मह + इन्द्रः') or misidentify the sandhi rule. Always state the rule name (दीर्घ, गुण, वृद्धि) alongside your split to show full understanding.

How does CBSETUTOR.ai help with Sanskrit grammar doubts?+

Upload a photo of any शब्दरूप table, धातुरूप conjugation, or सन्धि rule, and the AI tutor provides instant step-by-step explanations in Sanskrit and English. It highlights common errors, offers similar practice questions, and tracks your progress — all available 24×7 at ₹999/month for all subjects and classes, with a 3-day free trial.

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