Class 9 Sanskrit Deepakam Chapter 6 गणनम्: 18 Important Questions & Full Answers

गणनम् is a cornerstone chapter in Class 9 Sanskrit because it bridges core vocabulary with practical communication. The NCERT-aligned 2024-25 rationalized syllabus emphasizes संख्याएँ (numbers) as a foundational skill—students must recognize and use Sanskrit numerals in real dialogues, translate number-based sentences into English, and answer comprehension questions on number-themed texts. Examiners frequently test: (1) Numeral recognition and writing (1-100 in Sanskrit), (2) Ordinal number formation (प्रथमः, द्वितीयः, तृतीयः), (3) Sentence construction using cardinal & ordinal numbers, (4) Passage comprehension with numerical contexts, (5) Grammar (case-agreement of numerals with nouns). In the board exam, expect 4–6 marks dedicated to गणनम् across MCQ, short-answer, and long-answer sections. This chapter also reinforces masculine, feminine, and neuter number-noun agreement, making it critical for overall grammatical competence.

These MCQs test instant recognition of Sanskrit numerals, basic vocabulary, and single-fact comprehension. Expect them to appear in the board exam's objective section. **Q1.** 'पञ्च' का अंग्रेजी अनुवाद कौन-सा है? (A) Four (B) Five (C) Six (D) Seven **Answer: (B) Five** पञ्च (pancha) is the Sanskrit word for the numeral 5. This is a direct vocabulary recall question. **Q2.** निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी संख्या 'सप्तन्' है? (A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8 **Answer: (C) 7** सप्तन् (saptan) refers to 7. Ordinal formation and numeral recognition are equally tested. **Q3.** 'अष्ट' शब्द का सही अनुवाद है— (A) Eight (B) Nine (C) Twelve (D) Ten **Answer: (A) Eight** अष्ट (ashta) = 8. Memorization of numerals 1–20 is essential for one-mark questions. **Q4.** 'नव' किसे कहते हैं? (A) Seven (B) Eight (C) Nine (D) Ten **Answer: (C) Nine** नव (nava) = 9. Cross-checking numeral names prevents careless errors. **Q5.** 'दश' का अंग्रेजी में अर्थ है— (A) Five (B) Seven (C) Ten (D) Twelve **Answer: (C) Ten** दश (dasha) = 10. This is a fundamental numeral frequently appearing in board exams.

Two-mark questions require brief, direct answers—often one sentence in Sanskrit/English or a short definition. They test deeper understanding than MCQs but not full explanation. **Q1.** 'एकादश' की संख्या बताइए। (Name the numeral 'ekadash'.) **Answer:** एकादश का अर्थ 11 (eleven) है। (Ekadash means eleven / 11.) **Explanation:** एकादश is a compound numeral (एक + दश = 1 + 10). Board exams often ask students to recognize double-digit numerals. **Q2.** 'द्वादश' किस संख्या को दर्शाता है? (Which numeral does 'dvadash' represent?) **Answer:** द्वादश 12 (बारह) को दर्शाता है। (Dvadash represents 12.) **Explanation:** द्वादश = द्व (2) + दश (10) = 12. Understanding compound numeral formation is critical. **Q3.** 'प्रथमः', 'द्वितीयः', 'तृतीयः' क्या हैं? (What are 'prathamah', 'dvitiyah', 'tritiyah'?) **Answer:** ये क्रमवाचक संख्याएँ (ordinal numerals) हैं जो क्रमशः first, second, third को दर्शाती हैं। (These are ordinal numerals meaning first, second, third respectively.) **Explanation:** गणनम् chapter explicitly teaches ordinal formation. This is a common 2-mark definition question. **Q4.** 'षष्ठः' और 'सप्तमः' में क्या अंतर है? (Differentiate 'shashtah' and 'saptamah'.) **Answer:** षष्ठः छठा (sixth) और सप्तमः सातवाँ (seventh) को दर्शाते हैं। दोनों क्रमवाचक संख्याएँ हैं। (Shashtah means sixth and saptamah means seventh; both are ordinal numerals.) **Explanation:** Students must distinguish between cardinal and ordinal numerals by recognizing suffixes (-ः, -मः, etc.). **Q5.** 'दश' से 'बीस' तक संख्याओं के नाम लिखिए। (Write numeral names from 10 to 20 in Sanskrit.) **Answer:** दश (10), एकादश (11), द्वादश (12), त्रयोदश (13), चतुर्दश (14), पञ्चदश (15), षोडश (16), सप्तदश (17), अष्टादश (18), नवदश (19), विंशतिः (20)। **Explanation:** This 2-mark question tests memory and numeral formation patterns. Expect it in the board exam's short-answer section.

Three-mark questions demand structured answers with examples, translations, or brief explanations. They often combine vocabulary, grammar, and comprehension. **Q1.** निम्नलिखित संख्याओं का संस्कृत में वाक्य बनाइए: 5, 12, 20 (Form Sanskrit sentences using the numerals: 5, 12, 20) **Answer:** 1. पञ्च छात्राः कक्षायाम् सन्ति। (Five students are in the classroom.) 2. द्वादश पुस्तकानि मेज पर आसन्। (Twelve books are on the table.) 3. विंशतिः छात्राः परीक्षायाम् सन्ति। (Twenty students are in the exam.) **Explanation:** This 3-mark question assesses (a) numeral knowledge, (b) case-agreement (accusative/nominative with numerals), and (c) sentence construction. Examiners value sentences using different genders and cases. **Q2.** क्रमवाचक संख्याओं को उदाहरण सहित समझाइए। (Explain ordinal numerals with examples.) **Answer:** क्रमवाचक संख्याएँ किसी वस्तु या व्यक्ति की क्रम-स्थिति बताती हैं। उदाहरण: प्रथमः (1st), द्वितीयः (2nd), तृतीयः (3rd), चतुर्थः (4th)। उदाहरण सहित: राजः प्रथमः स्थानम् अलभत। (The king won first place.) इसमें प्रथमः ordinal है। **Explanation:** Defining ordinal numerals and providing examples demonstrates deeper conceptual understanding than rote memorization. **Q3.** 'गणनम्' पाठ में दी गई संख्याओं के आधार पर एक गणित समस्या लिखिए। (Based on numerals in the गणनम् chapter, write a simple math word problem.) **Answer:** यदि पञ्च फलानि और सप्त फलानि एकत्र किए जाएँ तो कुल कितनी फलानि होंगी? पञ्च + सप्त = द्वादश फलानि। (If 5 fruits and 7 fruits are combined, how many total fruits are there? 5 + 7 = 12 fruits.) **Explanation:** This 3-mark question bridges Sanskrit vocabulary with real-world application (arithmetic), encouraging students to think beyond vocabulary. **Q4.** 'एकम्', 'द्वे', 'त्रयः' में लिंग और वचन के आधार पर अंतर बताइए। (Explain gender and number differences in 'ekam', 'dve', 'trayah'.) **Answer:** एकम् (one) – neuter singular; द्वे (two) – neuter dual; त्रयः (three) – masculine plural। उदाहरण: एकम् पुस्तकम् (one book, neuter), द्वे पत्रे (two letters, neuter dual), त्रयः छात्राः (three students, masculine plural)। **Explanation:** This 3-mark grammar-based question tests students' understanding of Sanskrit numeral agreement, a critical area in board exams.

Five-mark questions require comprehensive answers with detailed explanations, multiple examples, or passage comprehension followed by analysis. Expect essay-style or extended translation questions. **Q1.** गणनम् पाठ में प्रयुक्त संख्याओं के नाम बताते हुए, संस्कृत में एक छोटी कहानी लिखिए जिसमें कम से कम पाँच संख्याओं का प्रयोग हो। (Write a short Sanskrit story using at least five numerals from the गणनम् chapter.) **Answer:** "एक वन में त्रयः सिंहाः आसन्। प्रथम दिवसे पञ्च गजाः आगच्छन्। द्वितीय दिवसे सप्त हरिणाः उपस्थिता। अष्ट कृष्णसारिकाः वृक्षे उपविष्टाः आसन्। अंतिम दिवसे नव वानराः आगच्छन्। सर्वे मिलित्वा द्वादश दिनानि सुखेन निवसन्।" **Translation:** "In a forest, there were three lions. On the first day, five elephants came. On the second day, seven deer appeared. Eight crows sat on the tree. On the last day, nine monkeys came. All lived together happily for twelve days." **Explanation:** This 5-mark answer demonstrates: (1) Correct usage of Sanskrit numerals (त्रयः, पञ्च, सप्त, अष्ट, नव, द्वादश), (2) Proper case-agreement with nouns, (3) Narrative coherence, (4) Grammatical accuracy (verb forms like आसन्, आगच्छन्), (5) Vocabulary retention from the chapter. **Q2.** गणनम् पाठ में दी गई किसी पाठ्य-सामग्री को अनुवाद के साथ समझाइए और बताइए कि इसमें कौन-कौन सी संख्याएँ आई हैं। (Explain a text passage from गणनम् with translation and identify all numerals used.) **Answer:** **पाठ:** "आश्रमे चत्वारः ऋषयः आसन्। तेषाम् प्रथमः ऋषिः दश शिष्याः पालयति। द्वितीयः ऋषिः पञ्च शिष्याः पालयति। तृतीयः ऋषिः सप्त शिष्याः पालयति। चतुर्थः ऋषिः तीनः शिष्याः पालयति।" **Translation:** "In the ashram, there were four sages. The first sage taught ten students. The second sage taught five students. The third sage taught seven students. The fourth sage taught three students." **Numerals identified:** चत्वारः (four), प्रथमः (first), दश (ten), द्वितीयः (second), पञ्च (five), तृतीयः (third), सप्त (seven), चतुर्थः (fourth), तीनः (three)। **Analysis:** This passage tests ordinal numerals (प्रथमः, द्वितीयः, तृतीयः, चतुर्थः) alongside cardinal numerals, demonstrating the chapter's dual focus. The case-agreement with nouns (शिष्याः – accusative plural) is critical. **Q3.** 'गणित' (mathematics) से संबंधित एक संवाद (dialogue) संस्कृत में लिखिए जिसमें गणनम् पाठ की कम से कम 8 संख्याएँ प्रयुक्त हों। (Write a Sanskrit dialogue on mathematics using at least 8 numerals from गणनम्.) **Answer:** **छात्रः:** गुरो, यदि त्रयः और पञ्च जोड़ें, तो कितना होता है? **गुरुः:** सुनो, त्रयः + पञ्च = अष्ट। **छात्रः:** और यदि अष्ट में से द्वे घटाएँ? **गुरुः:** अष्ट – द्वे = षष्ठः। **छात्रः:** धन्यवादः गुरो। क्या नव का वर्ग (square) इक्यानवे है? **गुरुः:** हाँ, नव × नव = इक्यानवे (81)। सप्त का वर्ग एकचत्वारिंशतः (49) है। **छात्रः:** अति सुंदरः! विंशतिः और द्वादश का योग कितना? **गुरुः:** विंशतिः + द्वादश = द्वत्रिंशतः (32)। **Numerals used:** त्रयः (3), पञ्च (5), अष्ट (8), द्वे (2), षष्ठः (6), नव (9), इक्यानवे (81), सप्त (7), एकचत्वारिंशतः (49), विंशतिः (20), द्वादश (12), द्वत्रिंशतः (32)। **Why this answer scores 5 marks:** (1) Natural, contextual dialogue, (2) Multiple numerals in arithmetic operations, (3) Mix of cardinal and ordinal numerals, (4) Correct pronunciation and spelling, (5) Demonstrates practical use of Chapter 6 vocabulary. Start a 3-day free trial at cbsetutor.ai to practice dialogue-writing and numeral-building under expert AI guidance.

HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions present a scenario or data set and ask students to analyze, apply, or synthesize their knowledge. These are increasingly common in CBSE board exams. **Question:** एक विद्यालय में गणनम् पाठ पर आधारित एक 'संख्या दिवस' (Number Day) आयोजित किया गया। निम्नलिखित तालिका को देखिए और प्रश्नों के उत्तर संस्कृत में दीजिए: | कक्षा | छात्राएँ | छात्राः | कुल | |--------|---------|---------|------| | नवमः A | दश | द्वादश | ? | | नवमः B | आठ | नौ | ? | | नवमः C | सप्त | अष्ट | ? | **प्रश्न:** (i) नवमः A में कुल कितने छात्र हैं? (Total students in Class 9-A?) (ii) नवमः B में छात्राएँ और छात्राः में कितना अंतर है? (Difference between girls and boys in 9-B?) (iii) सभी तीनों कक्षाओं में कुल कितने छात्र हैं? (Total students in all three classes?) (iv) यदि इस कार्यक्रम में सभी छात्र समान रूप से भाग लेते हैं और प्रत्येक को द्वे पुरस्कार दिए जाते हैं, तो कुल पुरस्कार कितने होंगे? (If all students participate equally and receive 2 prizes each, how many total prizes?) **उत्तर:** (i) नवमः A में दश + द्वादश = द्वत्रिंशतः (32) छात्राः सन्ति। (ii) नवमः B में छात्राः = नव, छात्राएँ = अष्ट। अंतर = नव – अष्ट = एकः। (iii) सभी कक्षाओं में: (दश + द्वादश) + (अष्ट + नव) + (सप्त + अष्ट) = द्वत्रिंशतः + सप्तदश + पञ्चदश = चतुःषष्टिः (64) छात्राः। (iv) चतुःषष्टिः × द्वे = अष्टाशीतिः (128) पुरस्कार। **Why this is HOTS:** (1) **Data interpretation:** Students must read a table and extract numerical information. (2) **Multi-step calculation:** Requires addition, subtraction, and multiplication in Sanskrit numerals. (3) **Language application:** Answers must be written in correct Sanskrit (nominative case, number-noun agreement). (4) **Real-world connection:** Connects the abstract numerals to a school event. (5) **Complex numerals:** Tests knowledge of larger numerals (द्वत्रिंशतः, सप्तदश, चतुःषष्टिः, अष्टाशीतिः)—beyond the basic 1–20 range.

CBSETUTOR.ai is a personalized AI tutor specifically designed for Class 9 CBSE students. For गणनम्, our platform offers targeted practice in multiple ways: **Daily Drill Mode:** Our AI generates randomized one-mark MCQs on Sanskrit numerals (1–100). Each morning, you receive 5 fresh questions with instant feedback. If you miss an answer, the AI explains the numeral breakdown (e.g., त्रयोदश = त्रयः + दश = 3 + 10). **Smart Short-Answer Practice:** Upload your 2-mark questions or use our pre-loaded bank of 50+ गणनम् short-answer prompts. The AI evaluates your answer against NCERT standards, flags grammatical errors (case, gender, number agreement), and suggests improvements. For example, if you write "पञ्च छात्राः" (nominative) instead of "पञ्च छात्राण्" in accusative context, the AI instantly corrects you with the rule. **Essay & Long-Answer Feedback:** For 5-mark questions, you write a full answer (story, dialogue, explanation). CBSETUTOR.ai's AI checks: (1) Numeral accuracy, (2) Sentence structure, (3) Vocabulary (does it match the chapter?), (4) Case-agreement, (5) Overall coherence. You receive a scored draft with line-by-line annotations. **HOTS Scenario Practice:** The platform generates scenario-based questions similar to the case-study above. You answer in real time, and the AI grades your logic, linguistic accuracy, and completion. **Flashcard & Memorization Tools:** Our AI-powered flashcard system quizzes you on numeral names (एकम्, द्वे, त्रयः, etc.) with spaced repetition—the most efficient method for long-term retention. **Progress Analytics:** Track your performance across all question types. The AI identifies weak areas (e.g., "You miss ordinal numerals 70% of the time") and recommends focused drills. **Board-Pattern Mock Exams:** Every week, simulate a full Sanskrit exam with गणनम् questions distributed across MCQ, short-answer, and long-answer sections—exactly as the CBSE board will present them. By drilling these patterns daily through CBSETUTOR.ai, you'll internalize numeral forms, master case-agreement, and approach the board exam with confidence.