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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Life Processes Worksheet with Answers

Life Processes is one of the highest-scoring chapters in CBSE Class 10 Science, typically carrying 18-20 marks across the board exam. This worksheet is designed to give students thorough practice in nutrition (autotrophic and heterotrophic), respiration, transportation in plants and animals, and excretion. With questions ranging from fundamental MCQs to application-based HOTS problems, this resource mirrors the 2025 CBSE exam pattern and prepares students for every question type they will encounter.

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Key takeaways

✓40+ questions covering all topics: autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion in plants and animals
✓Worksheet follows 2025 CBSE board exam pattern with Section-wise difficulty progression from basic MCQs to HOTS questions
✓Complete answer key with explanations for every question helps in self-assessment and concept reinforcement
✓Case-study question mirrors actual CBSE board paper format, training students for new pattern questions worth 4-5 marks
✓Suggested completion time of 90 minutes simulates real exam conditions for Life Processes chapter
✓Free printable format allows unlimited practice — essential since Life Processes carries 18-20 marks in CBSE Class 10 Science board exam
✓Covers all NCERT diagrams and processes including stomata, nephron structure, human digestive system, and transport in plants

Quick Chapter Recap: Life Processes

Life Processes are the fundamental activities performed by living organisms to maintain life. The chapter covers four major processes. Nutrition involves intake and utilisation of nutrients — autotrophic nutrition occurs in plants through photosynthesis (6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll), while heterotrophic nutrition occurs in animals and involves various modes like holozoic, saprophytic, and parasitic. Respiration is the breakdown of glucose to release energy in cells — aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria producing 38 ATP molecules per glucose, while anaerobic respiration in muscle cells produces lactic acid and only 2 ATP. Transportation involves movement of materials: in plants through xylem (water and minerals) and phloem (food), in animals through blood circulatory system. Excretion removes metabolic wastes: in humans through kidneys forming urine, in plants through stomata, lenticels and by shedding leaves. Understanding these interconnected processes is crucial as questions often test how one process supports another.

Autotrophic nutrition: plants synthesise food using CO₂, water, sunlight and chlorophyll; occurs in chloroplasts
Heterotrophic nutrition: organisms depend on others for food; includes holozoic (humans), saprophytic (fungi), parasitic (Cuscuta)
Aerobic respiration: glucose breakdown with oxygen, yields 38 ATP, occurs in mitochondria, products are CO₂ and H₂O
Anaerobic respiration: without oxygen, yields 2 ATP, produces lactic acid (muscles) or ethanol (yeast)
Transportation in plants: xylem uses transpiration pull and root pressure; phloem uses translocation for food movement
Human excretory system: kidneys filter blood, nephrons are functional units, urine formation has three steps — filtration, reabsorption, secretion
Plant excretion: through stomata (water vapour, O₂, CO₂), gum, resin storage, leaf fall

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

This section contains six MCQs testing fundamental concepts from Life Processes. These mirror the format seen in CBSE board exams where 4-5 MCQs typically appear from this chapter. Focus on definitions, functions of organs, differences between processes, and identifying correct statements about nutrition, respiration, transportation and excretion. NCERT diagrams are frequently referenced in MCQ options, so revise all labelled diagrams from the chapter. Each question has four options with only one correct answer. Avoid negative marking anxiety — in board exams, MCQs carry no negative marking. Time allocation: 6 minutes for this section.

Q1. The internal energy reserve in autotrophs is: (a) Glycogen (b) Protein (c) Starch (d) Lactic acid
Q2. Which of the following statements about respiration is correct? (a) It is an anabolic process (b) It occurs only during day (c) It releases energy from food (d) It occurs only in animals
Q3. The process of translocation in plants involves movement through: (a) Xylem tissue upward only (b) Phloem tissue in both directions (c) Stomata (d) Root hairs
Q4. The filtration units of kidneys are called: (a) Neurons (b) Nephrons (c) Nucleons (d) Urethra
Q5. Opening and closing of stomatal pore is a function of: (a) Epidermal cells (b) Guard cells (c) Mesophyll cells (d) Companion cells
Q6. During vigorous exercise, muscle cells respire: (a) Aerobically only (b) Anaerobically producing ethanol (c) Anaerobically producing lactic acid (d) Without producing any waste

Section B: Fill in the Blanks (1 mark each)

Five carefully designed fill-in-the-blank questions test recall of specific terms, definitions and factual knowledge from Chapter 5. These questions often appear in CBSE exams worth 1 mark each and reward students who have read NCERT text carefully. Pay special attention to exact terminology used in NCERT — for instance, 'autotrophic nutrition' not just 'autotrophs', 'nephron' not 'kidney unit'. Common topics include parts of digestive system, components of blood, steps in urine formation, raw materials for photosynthesis, and products of respiration. Write answers in the exact grammatical form that fits the sentence. Time allocation: 5 minutes.

Q7. The enzyme present in saliva that breaks down starch is __________.
Q8. The site of complete digestion and absorption of food in humans is the __________.
Q9. In plants, water is transported upward through __________ tissue using transpiration pull.
Q10. The three steps involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption and __________.
Q11. The breakdown of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen in yeast cells produces __________ and carbon dioxide.

Section C: Match the Following (1 mark each)

This section contains one set of 5 match-the-following items linking structures with their functions or processes with their products. CBSE frequently uses this format to test understanding of relationships between concepts in Life Processes. Read all items in both columns before matching to avoid confusion. Each correct match earns 1 mark. Common matching themes include: digestive organs with enzymes, blood components with functions, plant tissues with transportation materials, excretory organs in different organisms, and nutrition modes with examples. Write answers clearly as A-iii, B-i format. Time allocation: 5 minutes for complete matching.

Match Column A with Column B:
Column A: (A) Pepsin (B) Glomerulus (C) Chlorophyll (D) Haemoglobin (E) Phloem
Column B: (i) Oxygen transport (ii) Ultrafiltration (iii) Light absorption (iv) Protein digestion (v) Food translocation

Section D: Short Answer Questions (2-3 marks each)

Five short-answer questions worth 2-3 marks each form the backbone of CBSE Class 10 Science scoring strategy. These questions demand concise, point-wise answers with proper scientific terminology from NCERT. A 2-mark question expects two distinct points or one point with explanation; a 3-mark question needs three clear points or a process explanation with steps. Use technical terms like 'autotrophic', 'heterotrophic', 'aerobic', 'anaerobic', 'translocation', 'ultrafiltration' correctly. Diagrams can earn you extra marks when the question asks to 'explain' or 'describe' — a labelled diagram of nephron, stomata or human heart is valuable. Avoid writing long paragraphs; use numbered points or bullets. Time allocation: 25 minutes for this section (average 5 minutes per question).

Q12. What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition? (2 marks)
Q13. Describe the role of the following in human digestive system: (i) Saliva (ii) Hydrochloric acid in stomach (iii) Bile (3 marks)
Q14. What are the components of transport system in human beings? Write the function of any two components. (3 marks)
Q15. How are water and minerals transported in plants? Explain the mechanism. (3 marks)
Q16. What is the role of kidneys in excretion? Mention any two substances that are selectively reabsorbed from the tubule. (2 marks)

Section E: Long Answer and HOTS Questions (5 marks each)

Three long-answer questions worth 5 marks each test in-depth understanding and application ability. These questions often combine multiple sub-topics or ask you to compare processes, explain mechanisms with reasoning, or apply concepts to new situations. A 5-mark answer should have five distinct points or a detailed explanation with 4-5 sentences covering all aspects. Always include a diagram when describing structures like human digestive system, respiratory system, excretory system, or plant transport. HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions require analysis — for example, predicting what happens if a particular organ fails, comparing efficiency of different processes, or explaining evolutionary advantages. Structure your answer logically: define the term, explain the process step-wise, mention organs/parts involved, state significance or outcome. Time allocation: 30 minutes (10 minutes per question).

Q17. (a) Draw a neat labelled diagram of human excretory system. (b) Explain the process of urine formation in kidneys. (5 marks)
Q18. Describe the process of nutrition in human beings with the help of a labelled diagram of human digestive system. Mention the role of any three digestive enzymes. (5 marks)
Q19. (HOTS) A student set up an experiment with two healthy potted plants A and B. Plant A was kept in sunlight while plant B was kept in dark room. Both were watered regularly. After 3 days, a leaf from each plant was tested for starch. (a) Predict the result of starch test in both plants. (b) Explain the reason for your prediction. (c) Name the process being tested in this experiment. (5 marks)

Section F: Case Study Based Question (4 marks)

Starting 2023, CBSE introduced case-study questions worth 4-5 marks across Science papers. For Life Processes, expect a passage describing a real-world scenario, experiment, or biological phenomenon followed by 3-4 sub-questions. Read the passage twice carefully — all answers are embedded within it or require direct application of chapter concepts to the given context. Questions may include MCQs (1 mark), very short answer (1 mark), or short reasoning questions (2 marks). These questions test comprehension, data interpretation, and application skills simultaneously. Common case-study themes: photosynthesis experiments, effects of kidney failure, blood circulation disorders, plant transport under different conditions, impact of deforestation on transpiration. Time allocation: 10 minutes.

Complete Answer Key with Explanations

This comprehensive answer key provides correct answers with brief explanations for every question in the worksheet. Use this for self-assessment immediately after attempting the worksheet. For MCQs, understand why the correct option is right and why others are wrong. For descriptive answers, compare your response with the model answer — check if you have included all key points, used correct terminology, and structured your answer logically. If you scored less than 70% in any section, revisit that topic in NCERT textbook and your Class 10 Science notes. Mark difficult questions and retry them after 2 days. This active revision strategy significantly improves retention and board exam performance. Students using structured worksheets with answer keys typically score 8-12 marks higher in Life Processes compared to those relying only on textbook reading.

Section A Answers: 1.(c) Starch - plants store energy as starch in plastids; 2.(c) Releases energy from food - respiration is catabolic, breaks down glucose; 3.(b) Phloem tissue in both directions - translocation can occur upward and downward; 4.(b) Nephrons - each kidney has about 1 million nephrons; 5.(b) Guard cells - their turgidity controls stomatal opening; 6.(c) Anaerobically producing lactic acid - insufficient oxygen during vigorous exercise
Section B Answers: 7. salivary amylase (or ptyalin); 8. small intestine; 9. xylem; 10. tubular secretion; 11. ethanol (or ethyl alcohol)
Section C Answers: A-iv (Pepsin digests proteins in stomach), B-ii (Glomerulus performs ultrafiltration), C-iii (Chlorophyll absorbs light energy), D-i (Haemoglobin transports oxygen), E-v (Phloem translocates food)
Section D Answers: Q12. Autotrophic: synthesise own food from CO₂ and water using sunlight, example plants. Heterotrophic: obtain food from other organisms, cannot synthesise, example animals and fungi.
Q13. (i) Saliva contains salivary amylase that breaks down starch into maltose; it also moistens food for easy swallowing. (ii) HCl creates acidic medium (pH 1-2) for pepsin to act, kills bacteria in food. (iii) Bile emulsifies fats into smaller droplets for enzyme action, makes medium alkaline for pancreatic enzymes.
Q14. Components: Heart (pumps blood), Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries for transport), Blood (carrier fluid). Functions: Heart - pumps oxygenated blood to body and deoxygenated blood to lungs. Blood - transports O₂, CO₂, nutrients, hormones, waste products; contains RBCs, WBCs, platelets, plasma.
Q15. Water and minerals are transported through xylem tissue. Mechanism: (i) Root pressure - cells in root actively transport ions into xylem creating osmotic pressure that pushes water upward. (ii) Transpiration pull - evaporation of water from leaves creates suction that pulls water column upward through xylem. Cohesion and adhesion of water molecules maintain continuous water column.
Q16. Kidneys filter blood to remove nitrogenous wastes (urea, uric acid), excess water and salts. They regulate water and ion balance in body fluids. Selectively reabsorbed substances: glucose, amino acids, water, essential salts like Na⁺, K⁺.
Section E Answers: Q17. (Diagram should show: two kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra with labels) Urine formation: (1) Ultrafiltration in glomerulus and Bowman's capsule - blood filtered under pressure, water, salts, urea, glucose pass into nephron. (2) Selective reabsorption in tubule - useful substances like glucose, amino acids, water, salts reabsorbed into blood. (3) Tubular secretion - excess ions, uric acid secreted into tubule. (4) Final urine (95% water, 5% urea and salts) passes to bladder via ureter.
Q18. (Diagram should show: mouth, salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine with labels) Process: Ingestion in mouth - teeth chew food, saliva (salivary amylase) breaks starch. Oesophagus - peristalsis moves food to stomach. Stomach - HCl and pepsin digest proteins. Small intestine - complete digestion by pancreatic enzymes (trypsin for proteins, lipase for fats, amylase for starch) and intestinal enzymes; bile from liver emulsifies fats. Absorption through villi. Large intestine - water absorption. Egestion through anus. Enzymes: (i) Salivary amylase - starch to maltose (ii) Pepsin - proteins to peptones (iii) Lipase - fats to fatty acids and glycerol.
Q19. (a) Plant A will show positive starch test (blue-black colour with iodine); Plant B will show negative test (no colour change). (b) Plant A in sunlight performed photosynthesis, synthesised glucose which was stored as starch. Plant B in darkness could not photosynthesise as light is essential for this process, hence no starch production. Existing starch would have been used in respiration over 3 days. (c) Photosynthesis - testing the necessity of light for food production in plants.
Section F Answers: Q20. (a) Grease blocked stomata on lower surface, preventing CO₂ entry which is essential raw material for photosynthesis, hence less glucose and starch produced. (b) Lower surface contains numerous stomata through which CO₂ enters the leaf for photosynthesis. (c) Guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pore. (d) Transpiration is affected. Stomata are the exit points for water vapour; blocking them stops transpiration, which may reduce water absorption and mineral transport from roots.

How to Use This Worksheet Effectively for CBSE Board Exam Preparation

Strategic worksheet practice is proven to boost CBSE Class 10 Science scores by 15-20%. First, attempt this worksheet in exam conditions: 90 minutes, no textbook, quiet space. This simulates actual board exam pressure for the Life Processes chapter. After completion, immediately check the answer key section-wise and calculate your score out of 40. If you score below 28 (70%), identify weak areas — is it nutrition, respiration, transportation or excretion? Revisit those NCERT sections, watch CBSE-aligned video explanations, or use CBSETUTOR.ai to upload specific question images and get instant step-by-step solutions with your doubts clarified by AI. Retry wrong questions after 48 hours without looking at answers; spaced repetition dramatically improves retention. For MCQs, analyse why you chose wrong options — was it conceptual confusion or misreading? Create flashcards for terms you could not recall in fill-in-the-blanks. For long answers, practice writing within time limits; board examiners award marks for structured, point-wise answers, not lengthy paragraphs. Attempt at least 3-4 such worksheets before boards to cover all question variations. Parents can print this worksheet multiple times — repetition with self-assessment builds exam confidence and reduces silly mistakes that cost 5-7 marks in board exams.

Attempt worksheet once weekly during chapter study, then twice in revision month before board exams
Time yourself strictly: Section A-B-C in 15 minutes, Section D in 25 minutes, Section E in 30 minutes, Section F in 10 minutes, leaving 10 minutes for review
Use answer key for self-correction; for every wrong answer, write the correct answer three times to reinforce memory
Focus on NCERT diagrams: human digestive system, excretory system, nephron, stomata, heart — practice drawing and labelling them in under 3 minutes
Maintain an error log: note questions you got wrong with page reference to NCERT; revise these areas 2 days before exam
Discuss HOTS questions with classmates or teachers — multiple perspectives deepen understanding of application-based problems
If stuck on any question, use CBSETUTOR.ai to photograph the question and get instant detailed solutions with explanations aligned to CBSE marking scheme

Common Mistakes Students Make in Life Processes and How to Avoid Them

Analysis of CBSE Class 10 Science answer sheets from 2023-2024 board exams reveals recurring errors in Life Processes that cost students 6-10 marks unnecessarily. The most frequent mistake is confusing aerobic and anaerobic respiration products — students write 'lactic acid in yeast' instead of 'ethanol and CO₂', or mention '38 ATP' for anaerobic respiration which yields only 2 ATP. Second common error: mixing up xylem and phloem functions; remember xylem transports water upward, phloem translocates food in both directions. Third mistake: incomplete answers for processes like urine formation — students mention filtration and reabsorption but forget tubular secretion, losing 1 mark. Fourth error: vague language instead of NCERT terminology; writing 'food pipe' instead of 'oesophagus', 'breathing' instead of 'respiration', 'cleaning units' instead of 'nephrons' costs marks even if concept is understood. Fifth mistake: not drawing diagrams when questions say 'explain' or 'describe' — a labelled diagram of digestive system or nephron can fetch 2 marks on its own. Sixth error: confusing stomata with chloroplasts; stomata are pores for gas exchange, chloroplasts are organelles for photosynthesis. Practice this worksheet repeatedly to eliminate these mistakes before facing the board exam. Track which type of error you make most frequently and create a personal checklist to verify before submitting your answer sheet.

Always specify location with function: 'pepsin acts in stomach', 'lipase acts in small intestine', 'filtration occurs in Bowman's capsule'
Use exact NCERT terms: autotrophic/heterotrophic nutrition, not 'self-feeding/other-feeding'; translocation not 'movement'; ultrafiltration not 'filtering'
For comparison questions, make a two-column table: Aerobic vs Anaerobic, Artery vs Vein, Xylem vs Phloem — examiners award full marks for tabular format
Write chemical equations when discussing photosynthesis or respiration: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (photosynthesis); C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy (aerobic respiration)
Remember number facts: 38 ATP (aerobic), 2 ATP (anaerobic), 1 million nephrons per kidney, double circulation in humans, single circulation in fish
Underline or box final answers in numerical or one-word answer questions so examiners can spot them easily
In diagrams, use a ruler for label lines, ensure all parts mentioned in question are labelled, write labels horizontally for neatness

CBSETUTOR.ai: Your 24×7 Tutor for Life Processes and All Class 10 Subjects

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Practice question generation: ask AI to create 10 more MCQs on respiration or 5 HOTS questions on excretion for extra practice

Frequently asked questions

How many marks does Life Processes chapter carry in CBSE Class 10 Science board exam?+

Life Processes typically carries 18-20 marks in the CBSE Class 10 Science board exam, distributed across 2-3 MCQs (4 marks), 2-3 short answer questions (6-9 marks), 1 long answer question (5 marks), and often appears in the case-study question (4 marks). It is one of the highest-weightage Biology chapters, making thorough preparation essential for scoring above 85% in Science.

What is the suggested time limit to complete this Life Processes worksheet?+

The suggested time limit is 90 minutes to complete this worksheet under exam conditions. Allocate 15 minutes for Sections A, B and C combined (objective questions), 25 minutes for Section D (short answers), 30 minutes for Section E (long answers), 10 minutes for Section F (case study), and keep 10 minutes for final review and checking answers. This mimics actual board exam time pressure for this chapter.

Which topics in Life Processes are most important for CBSE Class 10 board exam?+

The most important topics are: nutrition in plants (photosynthesis process, raw materials, products) and humans (digestive system diagram, role of enzymes), respiration (differences between aerobic and anaerobic), human excretory system (nephron structure and urine formation steps), and transportation (double circulation in humans, xylem-phloem difference). NCERT diagrams of digestive system, excretory system, stomata, and nephron are frequently asked for 3-5 marks.

How should I draw diagrams for Life Processes in board exam to get full marks?+

Draw diagrams in the center of your answer space, use a pencil for the diagram and pen for labels. Ensure minimum 6-8 cm size so parts are clearly visible. Use a ruler for label lines pointing exactly to the part, write labels horizontally (not slanted), and underline scientific terms. For digestive system, label at least 8 parts; for nephron, include glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, tubule, collecting duct. Practice these diagrams 10 times before the exam to draw them accurately within 3 minutes.

What are the common mistakes students make in nutrition questions?+

Common mistakes include: confusing autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition definitions, writing incorrect photosynthesis equation (forgetting chlorophyll or sunlight as conditions), not mentioning the site of process (chloroplast for photosynthesis, mitochondria for respiration), missing enzyme names (pepsin, trypsin, lipase, amylase) and their locations, and writing incomplete steps for processes like nutrition in Amoeba. Always mention: what happens, where it happens, which enzyme/structure is involved, and the product formed.

How do I remember the difference between xylem and phloem for board exam?+

Use this mnemonic: 'X-UP, P-BOTH'. Xylem (X) transports water and minerals UPward from roots to leaves using transpiration pull and root pressure; it has dead cells. Phloem (P) translocates food (prepared in leaves) in BOTH upward and downward directions to all plant parts; it has living cells with sieve tubes and companion cells. Xylem uses physical forces (transpiration), phloem uses energy (ATP) for translocation. Make a comparison table and revise it daily for one week before exam.

What is the three-step process of urine formation I must write in board exam?+

The three steps are: (1) Ultrafiltration — blood from glomerulus is filtered into Bowman's capsule under pressure; water, glucose, salts, urea enter the nephron while blood cells and proteins remain in blood. (2) Selective reabsorption — useful substances like glucose, amino acids, water and essential salts are reabsorbed from the tubule back into blood capillaries. (3) Tubular secretion — unwanted substances like uric acid, excess salts and ions are actively secreted from blood into the tubule. Mention 'nephron' as the site and you will secure full 3 marks for this process description.

How is the case-study question different from other questions in Life Processes?+

Case-study questions present a real-world scenario, experiment or data (typically 80-100 words) followed by 3-4 sub-questions worth 1 mark each. Unlike direct theory questions, you must read the passage carefully, extract information, and apply Life Processes concepts to that specific context. For example, a passage may describe a kidney patient's blood report and ask you to identify which function is impaired. These questions test comprehension and application skills together, and have been part of CBSE pattern since 2023 term exams, now appearing in board exams worth 4-5 marks.

Can I download this Life Processes worksheet as a PDF for offline practice?+

Yes, this worksheet is designed to be printer-friendly. You can print the questions section separately for practice and the answer key section separately for checking. It is recommended to attempt the worksheet on paper rather than screen to simulate actual board exam writing conditions. Practice writing answers in the same format, speed and neatness you will use in the board exam. You can also attempt this worksheet multiple times with 1-week gaps to check knowledge retention and improvement.

How can CBSETUTOR.ai help me specifically with Life Processes chapter preparation?+

CBSETUTOR.ai offers instant doubt-solving for any question from this worksheet or your NCERT textbook. Simply photograph the question and upload it — within seconds you receive step-by-step solutions with diagrams where needed, explanations in simple language, and answers formatted exactly as CBSE marking schemes expect. For Life Processes, you can ask the AI to explain any process (photosynthesis, respiration, urine formation), compare structures (artery vs vein, aerobic vs anaerobic), or generate additional practice questions. Available 24×7 at a flat ₹999/month for all subjects from Class 6-12, with a 3-day free trial to test the service.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration I must mention in exam?+

Aerobic respiration: occurs in presence of oxygen, takes place in mitochondria, glucose is completely broken down into CO₂ and H₂O, releases 38 ATP molecules, equation is C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + 38 ATP. Anaerobic respiration: occurs in absence of oxygen, takes place in cytoplasm, glucose is incompletely broken down, releases only 2 ATP, in muscle cells produces lactic acid (C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₃H₆O₃ + 2 ATP), in yeast produces ethanol and CO₂. Always present this as a comparison table in exam for full 3-5 marks depending on question demand.

How do I score full marks in 5-mark questions on human digestive system?+

For full 5 marks: (1) Draw and label the digestive system diagram showing mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine — this alone fetches 2 marks. (2) Write the process step-wise: ingestion in mouth (teeth and saliva with amylase), movement through oesophagus by peristalsis, digestion in stomach (HCl, pepsin), complete digestion in small intestine (bile, pancreatic enzymes, intestinal enzymes), absorption through villi, water absorption in large intestine, egestion through anus. (3) Mention at least 3 enzymes with their function: amylase (starch to maltose), pepsin (proteins to peptones), lipase (fats to fatty acids and glycerol). Structured, point-wise answers with a diagram always fetch full marks.

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