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CBSE Class 8 Sanskrit — Ruchira Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् Worksheet with Answers

Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् in the NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira textbook is the grammar capstone that ties together कारक, विभक्ति, लकार, and वाक्य रचना—four pillars every student needs for both board exams and deeper language mastery. This printable worksheet delivers targeted, exam-style practice across multiple question formats, complete with a detailed answer key to support independent learning and revision.

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Key takeaways

✓Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् consolidates कारक (case relations), विभक्ति (case endings), लकार (tenses), and वाक्य रचना (sentence formation).
✓This worksheet is set at Intermediate difficulty and should take approximately 60 minutes to complete under exam conditions.
✓Section A contains 8 MCQs covering all four core topics; Section B has 6 fill-in-the-blanks focusing on विभक्ति and कारक identification.
✓Section C offers a 6-item match-the-following for लकार forms; Sections D and E test analytical and HOTS skills through short and long answers.
✓A real-world case-study question challenges students to apply grammar rules to unseen Sanskrit passages.
✓Complete answer key with brief explanations ensures self-assessment and concept reinforcement for Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira learners.
✓CBSETUTOR.ai provides 24×7 AI-powered Sanskrit tutoring with photo-upload doubt solving at ₹999/month, one price for Classes 6–12, with a 3-day free trial.

Quick Chapter Recap — व्याकरणम् Core Concepts

Before you tackle the worksheet, refresh these essentials. कारक identifies the syntactic role of a noun in a sentence—कर्ता (agent), कर्म (object), करण (instrument), सम्प्रदान (recipient), अपादान (ablation), सम्बन्ध (possessive), अधिकरण (location), and सम्बोधन (vocative). Each कारक is marked by a specific विभक्ति (case ending) in Sanskrit declension: प्रथमा, द्वितीया, तृतीया, चतुर्थी, पञ्चमी, षष्ठी, सप्तमी, सम्बोधन. The लकार system covers tenses and moods—लट् (present), लोट् (imperative), लङ् (past), विधिलिङ् (potential), लृट् (future), and so on. वाक्य रचना (sentence construction) weaves all these elements into grammatically correct and meaningful Sanskrit sentences, a skill tested heavily in CBSE board papers.

कारक: eight semantic roles that nouns play in sentences
विभक्ति: eight case endings (singular, dual, plural) for each declension class
लकार: ten verb forms covering tense, mood, voice, person, and number
वाक्य रचना: synthesizing कारक, विभक्ति, and लकार to build coherent sentences

Worksheet Metadata — Difficulty and Time

This worksheet is calibrated at Intermediate difficulty, suitable for students who have completed the chapter and are ready for mixed-format revision. Allocate 60 minutes under timed, exam-like conditions to simulate board paper pressure. The question mix mirrors the CBSE Class 8 Sanskrit board pattern: objective items for quick recall, analytical short answers for conceptual clarity, and HOTS-based long answers for deeper synthesis. Use a pencil for the first attempt so you can erase and retry after checking the answer key. Print two copies—one for practice, one for a second attempt after a gap of three days to measure retention. Parents can use this as a weekly checkpoint or as part of a 10-day revision plan before term exams.

Difficulty: Intermediate (assumes chapter completion and basic grammar fluency)
Suggested time: 60 minutes (strict timer recommended)
Total marks: 50 (Section A=16, B=6, C=6, D=10, E=9, Case Study=3)
Format: Print on A4; write answers in the spaces provided or on ruled sheets

Section A — Multiple Choice Questions (8 MCQs, 2 marks each = 16 marks)

Each MCQ tests a discrete concept from Chapter 10 व्याकरणम्. Read the question stem carefully, eliminate obviously wrong options, and circle the correct answer. No negative marking, so attempt all. These questions cover कारक identification, विभक्ति matching, लकार recognition, and sentence-correction scenarios. Remember that CBSE board papers often include one or two grammar MCQs in the objective section, so this practice is exam-critical. Keep your NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira textbook handy to cross-check paradigms if you are stuck. For learners in metros like Delhi, Mumbai, or Bengaluru who juggle multiple subjects, MCQs offer a quick way to score without lengthy writing. If you get fewer than six correct, revisit the chapter notes before moving to the next section.

Q1. 'रामः वनम् अगच्छत्' – अत्र 'वनम्' इति पदस्य कारकं किम्? (a) कर्ता (b) कर्म (c) अधिकरण (d) करणम्
Q2. 'बालकाः क्रीडन्ति' – अत्र लकारः कः? (a) लट् (b) लोट् (c) लङ् (d) लृट्
Q3. 'पित्रा सह गच्छति' – 'पित्रा' इति पदे का विभक्तिः? (a) प्रथमा (b) तृतीया (c) षष्ठी (d) सप्तमी
Q4. 'त्वं गृहं गच्छ' – अत्र लकारः कः? (a) लट् (b) लोट् (c) लङ् (d) विधिलिङ्
Q5. 'छात्रः पुस्तकस्य पठनं करोति' – अत्र 'पुस्तकस्य' इति पदस्य कारकं किम्? (a) कर्म (b) सम्बन्ध (c) करण (d) अपादान
Q6. 'सः अपठत्' – इयं क्रिया कस्मिन् लकारे अस्ति? (a) लट् (b) लोट् (c) लङ् (d) लृट्
Q7. 'मया सह आगच्छ' – 'मया' इति पदे का विभक्तिः? (a) प्रथमा (b) द्वितीया (c) तृतीया (d) पञ्चमी
Q8. 'ग्रामात् आगच्छति' – 'ग्रामात्' इति पदस्य कारकं किम्? (a) अधिकरण (b) अपादान (c) सम्बन्ध (d) करण

Section B — Fill in the Blanks (6 questions, 1 mark each = 6 marks)

Supply the correct word or grammatical form in each blank. These items focus on विभक्ति endings and कारक identification within sentences. Pay attention to gender (पुंलिङ्ग, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, नपुंसकलिङ्ग) and number (एकवचनम्, द्विवचनम्, बहुवचनम्) when choosing the right ending. For example, if the sentence requires a तृतीया विभक्ति for a masculine noun in singular, the ending will be -एन. Refer to the declension tables in your Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira textbook if you need a quick lookup. This section is straightforward but demands precision—one wrong vowel can cost you the mark. Students preparing for Kendriya Vidyalaya or Navodaya board exams will find similar fill-ups in their papers, making this practice doubly valuable.

Q9. 'रामः __________ (वनम्, कारकं लिखत) गच्छति।' (Answer: वनम्, कर्म)
Q10. 'बालकः __________ (खड्गः, तृतीया विभक्तिः) रक्षति।' (Answer: खड्गेन)
Q11. 'छात्राः __________ (पठ्, लट्लकार, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्)।' (Answer: पठन्ति)
Q12. 'सः __________ (ग्रामः, पञ्चमी विभक्तिः) आगच्छति।' (Answer: ग्रामात्)
Q13. 'त्वं __________ (लिख्, लोट्लकार, मध्यमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्)।' (Answer: लिख)
Q14. 'मम __________ (पिता, षष्ठी विभक्तिः) नाम रामः।' (Answer: पितुः)

Section C — Match the Following (6 pairs, 1 mark each = 6 marks)

Column A lists लकार forms or कारक roles; Column B provides definitions, example sentences, or विभक्ति markers. Draw a line or write the letter pair (e.g. 1–C) to connect each item correctly. This format tests recognition and recall—can you quickly identify which लकार corresponds to which tense, or which कारक takes which विभक्ति? Matching exercises appear occasionally in CBSE board papers as a variation of objective questions, and they reward students who have memorized paradigms and definitions. If you are unsure, use elimination: cross out pairs you are confident about first, then reason through the remaining options. This section also serves as a quick mental map of the chapter's taxonomy, reinforcing how व्याकरणम् organizes Sanskrit grammar into neat, logical categories.

Column A: (1) लट्लकारः (2) लोट्लकारः (3) लङ्लकारः (4) कर्ता (5) करणम् (6) अधिकरणम्
Column B: (A) आदेशार्थः (imperative) (B) वर्तमानकालः (present) (C) भूतकालः (past) (D) प्रथमा विभक्तिः (E) तृतीया विभक्तिः (F) सप्तमी विभक्तिः
Correct pairs: (1)–(B), (2)–(A), (3)–(C), (4)–(D), (5)–(E), (6)–(F)

Section D — Short Answer Questions (5 questions, 2 marks each = 10 marks)

Each short answer should be 2–3 sentences or 30–40 words in Hindi or Sanskrit, as per your exam instructions. These questions ask you to define a term, give two examples, or explain a rule. Write clearly and use proper Sanskrit transliteration or Devanagari script. For instance, if asked to define कारक, state that कारक denotes the syntactic relationship between a verb and its associated nouns, then list two examples like कर्ता and कर्म. CBSE marking schemes award one mark for the definition and one for correct examples, so structure your answer accordingly. Students in cities like Pune or Jaipur often face time pressure in board exams; practicing these short answers under a timer will build speed and confidence.

Q15. कारकस्य परिभाषां लिखत। द्वौ उदाहरणौ अपि देहि। (2)
Q16. विभक्तिः किम्? सप्तमी विभक्तेः एकम् उदाहरणं लिखत। (2)
Q17. लट्लकारस्य प्रयोगं केन कालेन भवति? एकं वाक्यम् उदाहरणार्थं लिखत। (2)
Q18. करणकारकस्य चिह्नं का विभक्तिः भवति? उदाहरणं देहि। (2)
Q19. लोट्लकारस्य उपयोगं संक्षेपेण व्याख्यातं, एकं वाक्यम् उदाहरणार्थं लिखत। (2)

Section E — Long Answer / HOTS Questions (3 questions, 3 marks each = 9 marks)

Long answers demand synthesis, comparison, or application. You might be asked to compare two लकार forms, construct three sentences illustrating different कारक, or correct a given paragraph for grammatical errors. Aim for 60–80 words or 4–5 well-structured sentences. Use subheadings or bullet points if it aids clarity. Higher-order thinking questions test whether you can move beyond rote recall to analyze and create. For example, Question 20 asks you to differentiate लट् and लङ् with examples—your answer should state that लट् is present tense, लङ् is past, then provide one sentence in each tense and explain the verb-form changes. CBSE Class 8 Sanskrit board papers typically carry 3–4 such questions worth 3 marks each, so mastering this format is non-negotiable. CBSETUOR.ai offers 24×7 AI tutoring where you can upload a photo of your draft answer and get instant feedback on grammar, structure, and completeness at just ₹999/month for all subjects in Classes 6–12, with a 3-day free trial to start.

Q20. लट्लकारस्य लङ्लकारस्य च अन्तरं स्पष्टीकुरु। प्रत्येकस्य एकं उदाहरणं देहि। (3)
Q21. कारकाणां सहायतया त्रीणि विभिन्नानि वाक्यानि रचयन्तु—एकं कर्तृकारकयुक्तम्, द्वितीयं कर्मकारकयुक्तम्, तृतीयं करणकारकयुक्तम्। (3)
Q22. अधोलिखितं वाक्यं शुद्धं कृत्वा पुनः लिखत तथा दोषस्य कारणं निर्दिशत: 'बालकः पुस्तकेन पठति।' (3)

Section F — Case Study Question (1 question, 3 marks = 3 marks)

Read the short Sanskrit passage below and answer the sub-questions. Case-study questions are now a staple of CBSE board papers across subjects; they assess reading comprehension, grammar application, and inference skills. The passage will contain multiple sentences using different कारक and लकार forms. You will be asked to identify specific grammatical elements, translate a sentence, or explain a construction. This mirrors the unseen-passage format you will face in the board exam. Underline key words in the passage—nouns, verbs, and case markers—before attempting the sub-questions. Budget 8–10 minutes for this question. Students in Tier-2 cities often lack exposure to such integrated formats in regular school tests; worksheets like this bridge that gap and build exam readiness.

Complete Answer Key with Explanations

Below is the full answer key for all sections. Each answer includes a brief explanation or reference to the relevant NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira concept. Use this key for self-assessment: award yourself marks honestly, then review every mistake. If you scored below 35/50, revisit the chapter and reattempt the worksheet after two days. If you scored 35–42, you are on track but should drill weak areas. A score above 42 indicates strong command; challenge yourself with additional HOTS questions from past board papers. Parents can use this key to guide discussions: ask your child to explain why an answer is correct, reinforcing conceptual clarity beyond rote memorization. For cities with limited access to experienced Sanskrit tutors, this detailed key acts as a virtual teacher, providing immediate feedback and learning loops.

Section A Answers: Q1(b), Q2(a), Q3(b), Q4(b), Q5(b), Q6(c), Q7(c), Q8(b). Explanations: Q1—'वनम्' is the destination, hence कर्म in द्वितीया. Q2—'क्रीडन्ति' is present tense, लट्. Q3—'पित्रा' uses तृतीया for सह-योग. Q4—'गच्छ' is imperative, लोट्. Q5—'पुस्तकस्य' shows possession, सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी. Q6—'अपठत्' is past, लङ्. Q7—'मया' again तृतीया for सह. Q8—'ग्रामात्' is ablative source, अपादान/पञ्चमी.
Section B Answers: Q9—वनम् (कर्म, द्वितीया). Q10—खड्गेन (तृतीया). Q11—पठन्ति (लट्, प्रथम, बहु). Q12—ग्रामात् (पञ्चमी). Q13—लिख (लोट्, मध्यम, एक). Q14—पितुः (षष्ठी).
Section C Answers: (1)–(B), (2)–(A), (3)–(C), (4)–(D), (5)–(E), (6)–(F). Each pair directly matches the definition or विभक्ति.
Section D Sample Answers: Q15—कारकं क्रियायाः सह सम्बन्धं दर्शयति। कर्ता, कर्म इति उदाहरणानि। Q16—विभक्तिः नाम्नः रूपं निर्धारयति। सप्तमी—'वने' इति। Q17—लट्लकारः वर्तमानकाले प्रयुज्यते। उदा. 'बालः पठति।' Q18—करणकारकस्य चिह्नं तृतीया। उदा. 'कलमेन लिखति।' Q19—लोट्लकारः आज्ञायां प्रयुज्यते। उदा. 'त्वं पठ।'
Section E Sample Answers: Q20—लट् वर्तमाने, लङ् भूते। 'बालः पठति' (लट्), 'बालः अपठत्' (लङ्)। क्रियारूपं भिन्नम्। Q21—कर्ता: 'रामः गच्छति।' कर्म: 'रामः फलं खादति।' करण: 'रामः कलमेन लिखति।' Q22—शुद्धं: 'बालकः पुस्तकं पठति।' दोषः—'पुस्तकेन' तृतीया न युक्ता, कर्म द्वितीयायां भवति।
Section F Answers: (a) अधिकरण (सप्तमी). (b) लङ्लकार (past). (c) 'His father asked him' / 'तस्य पिता तं पूछत।'

How to Use This Worksheet for Maximum Benefit

Print two copies of this worksheet. Use the first for a timed attempt (60 minutes, no breaks) to simulate exam pressure. Mark your answers, then set it aside for 24 hours before checking against the answer key—this gap prevents short-term memory from inflating your score and gives you a realistic picture of retention. Circle every mistake in red and write the correct answer alongside with a one-line explanation. For questions you guessed correctly, add a small dot—you got lucky but may not repeat that in the board exam. After a week, attempt the second copy without referring to notes; compare scores to measure improvement. Parents should sit with the child during the review session, asking 'Why is this answer correct?' rather than simply confirming right or wrong. This Socratic approach builds deeper understanding. Pair this worksheet with daily 10-minute grammar drills—decline one noun through all eight विभक्ति, conjugate one verb through one लकार—to cement paradigms. Supplement with CBSETUTOR.ai's AI tutor, which lets you snap a photo of any confusing question and get a step-by-step Sanskrit explanation, available 24×7 at ₹999/month for all classes (6–12) with a 3-day free trial.

Timed first attempt (60 min), then 24-hour gap before checking
Circle mistakes in red; write brief explanations
Second attempt after one week to measure retention gains
Pair with daily 10-min paradigm drills (declension + conjugation)
Use CBSETUTOR.ai photo-upload feature for instant doubt resolution

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Students frequently confuse तृतीया (instrument) with पञ्चमी (source), especially when both appear in the same sentence. Remember: तृतीया answers 'केन/कया' (by what means?), while पञ्चमी answers 'कस्मात्/कुतः' (from where?). Another pitfall is mixing up लट् and लोट् endings in verbs—लट् is a statement ('he reads'), लोट् is a command ('read!'). Always check the sentence mood. Gender agreement errors are rampant: ensure the adjective, pronoun, and noun all share the same gender and number. In वाक्य रचना, word order matters less than in English, but कर्ता typically comes first for clarity. Finally, many students skip the सम्बोधन (vocative) case in practice, then panic when it appears in the board exam; treat it as seriously as the other seven. Review the NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira tables daily for one week before exams to internalize patterns. Schools in metros like Hyderabad and Chennai often conduct weekly grammar tests—use those as mini-checkpoints to catch and fix these mistakes early.

तृतीया vs. पञ्चमी: instrument vs. source—learn the question words केन/कस्मात्
लट् (statement) vs. लोट् (command): check sentence mood before choosing verb form
Gender-number agreement: adjective must match noun in gender, number, case
Word order: flexible but start with कर्ता for clarity in वाक्य रचना
Do not neglect सम्बोधन case—it appears in board exams and oral tests

Frequently asked questions

What is the difficulty level and suggested time for this CBSE Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 10 worksheet?+

This worksheet is set at Intermediate difficulty and should be completed in 60 minutes under exam-like conditions. It includes MCQs, fill-ups, matching, short and long answers, plus a case study, totaling 50 marks aligned to CBSE board patterns.

Which topics from Chapter 10 व्याकरणम् are covered in this worksheet?+

All four core topics are covered: कारक (case relations), विभक्ति (case endings), लकार (tenses and moods), and वाक्य रचना (sentence construction). Questions span identification, application, and HOTS-based synthesis.

How can I use the answer key effectively for self-study?+

After completing the worksheet, wait 24 hours before checking answers. Circle every mistake in red and write a one-line explanation. For guessed-correct answers, mark with a dot. Reattempt the worksheet after a week to measure retention improvement.

What are common mistakes students make in Sanskrit grammar exercises?+

Frequent errors include confusing तृतीया (instrument) with पञ्चमी (source), mixing लट् and लोट् verb endings, gender-number mismatches, and neglecting the सम्बोधन case. Daily paradigm drills help prevent these pitfalls.

Where can I find additional practice for NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira?+

CBSETUTOR.ai offers 24×7 AI tutoring with photo-upload doubt solving for all subjects, Classes 6–12, at a flat ₹999/month. Start with a 3-day free trial to access instant grammar explanations, extra worksheets, and personalized feedback.

How is the case-study question in Section F different from other questions?+

The case study presents an unseen Sanskrit passage with multiple grammar elements. You must identify कारक, लकार, translate sentences, and explain constructions—mirroring the integrated comprehension format in CBSE board exams.

Can this worksheet help with board exam preparation?+

Absolutely. The question distribution, difficulty level, and answer format match the CBSE Class 8 Sanskrit board pattern. Regular timed practice builds speed, accuracy, and confidence, especially for the objective and short-answer sections.

What is the best revision strategy using this worksheet?+

Attempt the worksheet under timed conditions, review mistakes after 24 hours, drill weak topics daily for 10 minutes (paradigm tables), and reattempt after one week. Combine with CBSETUTOR.ai for instant photo-based doubt resolution and guided explanations.

How do I handle long-answer HOTS questions in Section E?+

Structure your answer in 4–5 sentences: define the concept, provide two contrasting examples, explain differences, and conclude with a rule. Use bullet points or subheadings if it aids clarity. Practice writing to stay within word limits and time.

Is this worksheet suitable for Kendriya Vidyalaya and Navodaya students?+

Yes. KVS and Navodaya syllabi follow NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira closely. The worksheet's format, difficulty, and answer key align with their internal and board exam patterns, making it ideal for both regular practice and pre-exam revision.

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