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CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy Worksheet with Answers

Globalisation and the Indian Economy is a crucial chapter in the CBSE Class 10 Social Science curriculum, accounting for significant marks in board examinations. This worksheet has been designed to provide comprehensive practice across all question types that typically appear in the CBSE Class 10 Social Science paper. Students should attempt this worksheet in exam-like conditions to build speed and accuracy.

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Key takeaways

✓Worksheet difficulty level is moderate-to-challenging, ideal for CBSE board exam preparation with a suggested completion time of 90 minutes
✓Section A contains 6 MCQs testing recall and application of MNC strategies, liberalisation policies and WTO concepts
✓Short-answer questions in Section D require 3-mark structured answers on interlinking of production and impact of foreign investment
✓Long-answer questions demand critical analysis of globalisation's unequal benefits and the need for fair policies
✓Case-study question integrates real-world scenarios on tax havens and MNC operations with economic reasoning
✓Complete answer key with explanations supports self-study and helps students identify conceptual gaps before exams
✓All terminology follows NCERT Class 10 Social Science textbook to align with CBSE marking schemes and expected answers

Quick Chapter Recap: Globalisation and the Indian Economy

Before attempting the worksheet, students should revise the core concepts from NCERT Class 10 Social Science Chapter 21. Globalisation refers to the rapid integration of countries through increased flow of goods, services, investments, and people across borders. The chapter examines how Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) spread production globally by setting up partnerships, using local companies for supply, and establishing production units where costs are low. Liberalisation of the Indian economy began in 1991 when the government removed barriers to foreign trade and investment. This policy shift allowed foreign companies to enter India, leading to increased competition, consumer choice, and integration with global markets. However, the benefits of globalisation have been unequal—while some industries and urban workers have prospered, small producers, farmers, and traditional artisans have faced severe challenges. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) oversees international trade rules, though critics argue it favours richer nations. Understanding the role of government in ensuring fair globalisation is central to this chapter, as policies can protect vulnerable sections while harnessing the benefits of global integration.

Globalisation = integration of countries through greater foreign trade and investment
MNCs play a key role by spreading production and linking markets globally
Liberalisation in 1991 removed trade barriers and allowed foreign investment in India
WTO established rules for international trade but debate continues on fairness
Impact has been unequal: gains for some sectors, losses for small producers and workers
Fair globalisation requires government policies that protect and support vulnerable groups

Worksheet Details: Difficulty Level and Time Allocation

This CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 21 worksheet is designed at a moderate-to-challenging difficulty level, mirroring the complexity and variety of questions that appear in CBSE board examinations. Students should allocate approximately 90 minutes to complete all sections under timed conditions to simulate the actual exam experience. The worksheet is structured progressively, beginning with objective-type questions that test fundamental recall and moving towards higher-order thinking questions that require critical analysis and application. Each section has a specific purpose: MCQs build quick decision-making skills, fill-in-the-blanks reinforce terminology, matching and true/false assess conceptual clarity, short answers develop structured writing ability, and long answers encourage deep analytical thinking. The case-study question tests the ability to apply chapter concepts to real-world situations, a skill increasingly emphasized in CBSE examinations. Parents and students can use this worksheet as a diagnostic tool to identify weak areas, and teachers can assign it as homework or use it for in-class assessment during revision sessions before the board exams.

Difficulty Level: Moderate to Challenging, suitable for final revision
Suggested Time: 90 minutes for complete worksheet
Progressive structure from objective to subjective question types
Covers all key topics: MNCs, liberalisation, WTO, impact, fair globalisation
Can be used for self-assessment, classroom tests, or homework assignments
Answer key provided for immediate feedback and concept reinforcement

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

Multiple-choice questions form an important component of the CBSE Class 10 Social Science paper, testing students' ability to identify correct answers quickly while eliminating distractors. This section contains six carefully crafted MCQs covering the entire spectrum of Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy. Each question has been designed to test not just rote memory but also conceptual understanding and application. Students should read each question carefully, eliminate obviously incorrect options first, and then choose the most accurate answer based on NCERT content. MCQs on MNCs test understanding of how these corporations spread production globally, questions on liberalisation examine knowledge of the 1991 policy reforms, and WTO-related questions assess awareness of global trade governance. Students often lose marks in MCQs due to careless reading or confusion between similar-sounding options, so practicing with high-quality questions like these is essential. The answer key provided later in this worksheet includes brief explanations for why each correct option is right and why distractors are incorrect, helping students learn from their mistakes and strengthen their conceptual foundation for the board examination.

What is the primary aim of MNCs when setting up production globally? (a) Employ more workers (b) Reduce costs and increase profits (c) Follow government rules (d) Promote local culture
Liberalisation of the Indian economy began in which year? (a) 1947 (b) 1971 (c) 1991 (d) 2001
Which organisation supervises international trade rules among member nations? (a) IMF (b) World Bank (c) WTO (d) UNESCO
Tax on imports is an example of: (a) Trade barrier (b) Investment (c) Foreign collaboration (d) Export promotion
Foreign investment by MNCs in India increased significantly after: (a) Independence (b) Green Revolution (c) Liberalisation (d) Demonetisation
Which of the following has NOT benefited equally from globalisation in India? (a) IT sector (b) Automobile industry (c) Small-scale toy makers (d) Urban professionals

Section B: Fill in the Blanks (1 mark each)

Fill-in-the-blank questions test precise recall of terminology, definitions, years, and key facts from the NCERT Class 10 Social Science textbook. This section contains five carefully selected statements with strategic blanks that cover essential concepts from Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy. Students must write exact terms as used in the NCERT text to score full marks, as examiners look for specific vocabulary when awarding marks. Common errors include spelling mistakes, using synonyms instead of the exact NCERT term, or writing incomplete answers. For example, when asked about organisations, students must write the full form or the commonly accepted abbreviation as it appears in the textbook. These questions reinforce understanding of MNCs and their production strategies, liberalisation policies and their timing, trade barriers and their purpose, foreign investment patterns, and the concept of fair globalisation. Practicing fill-in-the-blanks helps students memorise important facts that often appear in the board examination as one-mark or two-mark questions. The answer key section provides the correct terms along with brief contextual explanations to help students understand not just what the answer is, but why that particular term is significant in the context of globalisation and the Indian economy.

__________ are companies that own or control production in more than one country.
The removal of barriers to foreign trade and investment is called __________.
__________ is a tax imposed on imports to protect domestic producers.
The __________ was established in 1995 to supervise and liberalise international trade.
Fair globalisation would create opportunities for all and ensure that benefits are shared __________.

Section C: Match the Following / True or False (1 mark each)

This section tests students' ability to connect related concepts and verify the accuracy of statements based on their understanding of NCERT Class 10 Social Science Chapter 21. The matching exercise requires students to correctly pair items from Column A with their corresponding descriptions or examples in Column B, testing comprehensive knowledge of MNCs, policies, organisations, and impacts of globalisation. Students should read all items in both columns carefully before making matches to avoid errors. The true/false component requires critical evaluation of statements about globalisation, liberalisation, WTO, and their impacts on the Indian economy. Students must not only identify whether a statement is true or false but also be prepared to justify their answer with reasoning from the textbook. Common mistakes include rushing through these questions or making assumptions based on general knowledge rather than NCERT content. For instance, a statement might be partially true but false in the specific context of the Indian economy post-liberalisation. Teachers often use such questions to test whether students have read the chapter carefully and can distinguish between similar concepts. The answer key provides correct matches and true/false designations along with brief justifications to help students understand the reasoning behind each answer and clarify any conceptual confusion.

Match the Following: Column A (MNC, Liberalisation, WTO, Trade Barrier, SEZ) with Column B (Tax on imports, 1995, Companies operating in multiple countries, Policy since 1991, Industrial zones with relaxed rules)
True or False: All sections of Indian society have benefited equally from globalisation.
True or False: MNCs set up production where it is most profitable for them.
True or False: Liberalisation has led to increased competition in the Indian market.
True or False: Small producers have not faced any challenges due to globalisation.

Section D: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

Short-answer questions typically carry three marks in CBSE Class 10 Social Science examinations and require students to write structured responses in approximately 60-80 words. This section contains five such questions covering all major themes of Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy: the meaning and features of globalisation, the role of MNCs in interlinking production across countries, the liberalisation measures adopted by India post-1991, the impact of globalisation on small producers and workers, and the concept of fair globalisation. Students should follow a clear structure: start with a direct definition or statement, provide two to three well-explained points with examples where possible, and ensure the answer is complete within the word limit. Examiners award marks for accuracy of content, clarity of expression, and proper structuring of the answer. Common errors include writing vague or general statements without specific reference to India or NCERT content, exceeding word limits without adding value, or omitting key aspects of multi-part questions. Each question in this section has been framed to test not just recall but also the ability to explain relationships, causes, effects, and significance. The detailed answer key provides model answers with the exact structure and content that would fetch full marks in board examinations, helping students learn effective answer-writing techniques.

What is meant by globalisation? Mention any two features.
Explain how MNCs interlink production across countries with an example.
What steps were taken by the Indian government under liberalisation?
How has globalisation affected small producers in India? Explain with examples.
What is meant by 'fair globalisation'? Why is it important?

Section E: Long Answer and HOTS Questions (5 marks each)

Long-answer questions are the foundation of CBSE Class 10 Social Science examinations, typically carrying five marks and requiring detailed, well-structured responses of 120-150 words. This section presents three carefully designed questions that test higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), critical analysis, and the ability to evaluate different perspectives on globalisation. The first question asks students to analyse the impact of globalisation on the Indian economy, requiring them to present both positive effects such as increased consumer choice, FDI inflows, and growth in certain sectors, as well as negative consequences including challenges faced by small producers, job losses in traditional industries, and increasing inequality. The second question demands evaluation of the role of WTO and whether its rules favour developed or developing nations, testing students' ability to present balanced arguments with evidence. The third question focuses on measures needed to make globalisation fairer, requiring application of concepts to propose practical policy solutions. Students must organise their answers with clear introductions, well-developed body paragraphs with specific examples from India's experience, and concise conclusions. Examiners look for depth of understanding, logical flow, use of appropriate terminology, and the ability to support arguments with relevant facts. The answer key provides comprehensive model answers demonstrating the structure, depth, and specific content required to score full marks in these challenging questions.

Analyse the impact of globalisation on the Indian economy. Discuss both positive and negative effects with suitable examples.
Evaluate the role of WTO in the context of globalisation. Do you think WTO rules favour developed countries? Give reasons.
What steps should be taken by the government to ensure fair globalisation in India? Suggest at least five measures with justification.

Section F: Case Study Question (4 marks)

Case-study questions have become increasingly important in CBSE examinations as they test students' ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations, analyse data, and draw logical conclusions. This section presents a detailed case study related to MNCs, their global operations, and impact on developing economies like India. Students must read the passage carefully, understand the context, identify key information, and answer the sub-questions that follow. Case studies in Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy typically focus on scenarios involving MNC strategies such as setting up production in low-cost countries, outsourcing to local manufacturers, establishing global supply chains, or the effects of liberalisation policies on domestic industries. The questions following the case study test comprehension, application of chapter concepts, analytical thinking, and the ability to connect theoretical knowledge with practical situations. Students should underline or highlight key facts in the passage as they read, then carefully read each sub-question to understand exactly what is being asked before formulating their response. Answers should be concise, directly addressing the question, and supported by evidence from both the passage and NCERT textbook knowledge. The answer key provides detailed solutions to each sub-question, explaining how to extract relevant information from the passage and integrate it with chapter concepts to construct complete answers that would earn full marks in the board examination.

Complete Answer Key with Explanations

The answer key is an integral learning tool that allows students to self-assess their performance, understand correct answers, and identify areas requiring further revision. This comprehensive answer key provides solutions to every question in the worksheet along with brief explanations grounded in NCERT Class 10 Social Science content. For MCQs, the key specifies the correct option and explains why it is correct while pointing out why other options are incorrect or partially correct. Fill-in-the-blank answers provide the exact term as it appears in NCERT along with contextual information. Matching exercises show correct pairs with justifications. True/false answers include reasoning based on textbook facts. Short-answer solutions are presented in proper structured format showing how to organize a three-mark answer effectively, with clear points and appropriate examples. Long-answer model answers demonstrate the depth of analysis, breadth of coverage, and structured presentation expected for five-mark questions, including introductions, multiple well-explained points with examples, and conclusions. The case-study answers show how to extract relevant information from the passage and connect it with chapter concepts. Students should first attempt the entire worksheet independently, then use this answer key to check their responses, understand mistakes, and learn better answer-writing techniques. Parents can use the answer key to guide their children's learning at home without needing expert knowledge of the subject.

Answer Key: Section A - Multiple Choice Questions

Q1. What is the primary aim of MNCs when setting up production globally? Correct Answer: (b) Reduce costs and increase profits. Explanation: According to NCERT Class 10 Social Science, MNCs spread production across countries to minimize costs by accessing cheaper labour, raw materials, and favourable government policies, thereby maximizing their profits globally. Q2. Liberalisation of the Indian economy began in which year? Correct Answer: (c) 1991. Explanation: The Government of India initiated liberalisation policies in 1991 to overcome an economic crisis, removing barriers to foreign trade and investment. Q3. Which organisation supervises international trade rules among member nations? Correct Answer: (c) WTO. Explanation: The World Trade Organisation was established in 1995 to supervise and liberalise international trade, replacing the earlier GATT framework. Q4. Tax on imports is an example of: Correct Answer: (a) Trade barrier. Explanation: Import taxes or tariffs are classic examples of trade barriers that governments use to protect domestic producers from foreign competition by making imported goods more expensive. Q5. Foreign investment by MNCs in India increased significantly after: Correct Answer: (c) Liberalisation. Explanation: The liberalisation policies of 1991 removed restrictions on foreign companies, leading to significant increases in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India. Q6. Which of the following has NOT benefited equally from globalisation in India? Correct Answer: (c) Small-scale toy makers. Explanation: NCERT specifically mentions that small producers like battery and toy makers faced closure due to competition from cheap Chinese imports, while IT and automobile sectors flourished.

Answer Key: Sections B, C, D, E and Case Study

Section B - Fill in the Blanks: 1. Multi-National Corporations (MNCs); 2. liberalisation; 3. Import duty/tariff; 4. World Trade Organisation (WTO); 5. better/equally. Section C - Match the Following: MNC - Companies operating in multiple countries; Liberalisation - Policy since 1991; WTO - 1995; Trade Barrier - Tax on imports; SEZ - Industrial zones with relaxed rules. True/False: 1. False (benefits have been unequal); 2. True; 3. True; 4. False (small producers faced severe challenges). Section D Model Answers: Q1. Globalisation means rapid integration of countries through foreign trade, investment and people movement. Features: (i) Greater movement of goods, services and investments across borders (ii) MNCs setting up production globally where it is profitable. Q2. MNCs interlink production by spreading it across countries based on cost advantages. Example: A shoe MNC might design in Italy, produce components in Thailand, assemble in Vietnam using cheaper labour, and sell globally. This creates an integrated global production network. Q3. Steps under liberalisation: (i) Removal/reduction of trade barriers like import taxes (ii) Allowing foreign companies to invest in India (iii) Removing restrictions on imports of goods and services (iv) Allowing Indian companies to invest abroad. Section E Long Answer (Sample): Impact of globalisation on Indian economy: Positive - increased consumer choice, lower prices, FDI inflow, IT sector boom creating jobs, Indian MNCs going global. Negative - small producers unable to compete, job losses in traditional industries, farmers affected by price volatility, increasing inequality between skilled-unskilled workers. Example: Electronics became cheaper but battery makers in Delhi closed. Case Study Answers: (a) To reduce production costs by accessing cheaper labour (1 mark). (b) By importing materials from Thailand, designing in Italy, manufacturing in Indonesia/Vietnam, partnering with local manufacturers in India, and marketing globally (1 mark). (c) Created some employment but local manufacturers cannot compete due to ShoeGlobal's lower prices and better marketing, causing business losses for small producers (2 marks).

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Frequently asked questions

How much time should I spend on this CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 21 worksheet?+

Allocate 90 minutes to complete this worksheet under timed conditions to simulate the actual board exam experience. This includes 10-12 minutes for Section A MCQs, 5-7 minutes for fill-in-the-blanks, 8-10 minutes for matching/true-false, 25-30 minutes for short answers (5 questions × 5-6 minutes each), 30-35 minutes for long answers (3 questions × 10-12 minutes each), and 10 minutes for the case study. Practicing under time constraints builds speed and exam temperament.

Are the questions in this worksheet similar to actual CBSE board exam questions?+

Yes, all questions have been designed based on CBSE Class 10 Social Science examination patterns from previous years. They follow NCERT terminology, cover all key concepts from Chapter 21 Globalisation and the Indian Economy, and match the difficulty level and marking scheme of board papers. The MCQs, short answers, long answers, and case study reflect the exact question types students will encounter in their board examination.

What are the most important topics in Chapter 21 for board exams?+

Based on CBSE trends, focus heavily on: the meaning and features of globalisation; how MNCs spread production and interlink markets; liberalisation policies adopted in India since 1991; the role and functioning of WTO; positive and negative impacts of globalisation on different sectors and groups in India; and measures needed for fair globalisation. Questions on these topics appear consistently, often as 3-mark or 5-mark answers.

How should I structure a 5-mark answer on globalisation's impact?+

Begin with a brief introduction defining globalisation (1 mark). Then discuss positive impacts with 2-3 specific points and examples—consumer benefits, IT sector growth, FDI inflows (2 marks). Follow with negative impacts—small producers' struggles, job losses, inequality—again with examples like toy makers or battery manufacturers (2 marks). Conclude with a balanced statement acknowledging both sides. Use clear paragraphs and avoid repetition to stay within word limits while covering all aspects.

Why have small producers in India struggled after globalisation?+

According to NCERT Class 10 Social Science, small producers faced intense competition from cheap imports, especially from China, after liberalisation removed trade barriers. They lacked resources to invest in technology, marketing, or quality improvements to match MNC products. For example, battery makers in Delhi and toy manufacturers could not compete with cheaper Chinese alternatives. Additionally, MNCs have better access to credit, global markets, and distribution networks, putting small producers at a disadvantage.

What is the difference between liberalisation and globalisation?+

Globalisation is the broader process of rapid integration of countries through increased flow of goods, services, investments, and people across borders. Liberalisation is a specific set of government policies that remove barriers to foreign trade and investment, facilitating globalisation. In India's context, liberalisation began in 1991 as a policy decision to allow foreign companies, reduce import taxes, and remove restrictions—this policy enabled India's deeper integration into the globalised world economy.

How do MNCs decide where to set up production according to NCERT?+

MNCs set up production where it is most profitable for them. They look for locations with low-cost labour, proximity to raw materials, availability of skilled workers, and favourable government policies including tax benefits and relaxed regulations. They often partner with local companies or outsource production to small manufacturers. For example, an MNC might design products in Italy, source materials from Thailand, manufacture in Vietnam where labour is cheap, and sell globally, creating an integrated production network.

What does fair globalisation mean in the context of this chapter?+

Fair globalisation means creating equal opportunities for all people and ensuring that the benefits of globalisation are shared more equitably. It requires government policies that protect small producers and workers through trade barriers when necessary, labour laws ensuring fair wages and working conditions, support for skill development, and ensuring MNCs follow regulations. NCERT emphasizes that without such measures, only certain groups benefit while vulnerable sections like small producers and unskilled workers suffer from increased competition and job losses.

Can I use this worksheet for last-minute revision before exams?+

While this worksheet is excellent for comprehensive practice, last-minute revision should focus on the answer key and model answers provided. Read through all answers carefully, noting the structure, key points, and examples used. For quick revision, focus on filling the blanks, matching exercises, and reading through short-answer solutions to refresh terminology and concepts. If time is very limited, prioritize the long-answer model answers as they cover the most important concepts and carry maximum marks in board exams.

How can CBSETUTOR.ai help me improve my Social Science marks?+

CBSETUTOR.ai provides 24×7 access to an AI tutor at just ₹999/month for all subjects across Classes 6-12. You can photograph any question from this worksheet or your textbook and get instant, detailed explanations. The platform helps you understand difficult concepts like how WTO rules work, structure perfect answers for case studies, and learn effective answer-writing techniques. It is particularly valuable for Social Science where knowing the content is not enough—you must also present it properly to score full marks. A 3-day free trial lets you experience these benefits before subscribing.

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